源于生活污水的再生水滴灌灌水器堵塞机理与堵塞风险评价

Emitter clogging is an issue hindering the development of drip irrigation using reclaimed water. Water quality is always the reason causing clogging in emitters. The clogging effects and mechanism of emitters using reclaimed water are more complex. To widen the applicability of clogging experiments on the emitters for reclaimed water of a certain quality, we, using reclaimed domestic sewage, will carry out five studies on the effects of blocking medium on emitter clogging. 1) Experimental studies on the dynamic changes of water quality under different storage conditions. 2) Experimental studies on the clogging effects and blocking medium in the labyrinth channels of emitters. 3) Mechanism analysis and numerical simulation on emitter clogging, using CFD technique. 4) Risk assessment of emitter clogging and probability distribution of the dominant pollutants. 5) Risk characterization and control measures of emitter clogging, based on Monte Carlo risk assessment. Using numerical simulation and risk assessment on reclaimed water recycling for drip irrigation, we, based on water quality in this study, will find out generally applicable assessment and control methods of the dominant pollutants in emitter clogging. The expected achievements will guide the use of reclaimed domestic sewage for drip irrigation, and provide valuable reference to clogging mechanism and related control theory in reclaimed water drip irrigation.

灌水器堵塞一直是再生水滴灌发展的关键性障碍问题，水质是主要原因。再生水质复杂，引起灌水器堵塞的效应、机理较常规水更复杂。本研究针对某一水质再生水灌水器堵塞试验研究成果普适性不强的问题，以源于生活污水的再生水为水源，从堵塞介质属性对灌水器堵塞规律的影响角度，选择了5个研究内容，即：（1）不同存储条件下再生水水质动态变化试验研究；（2）常见2种迷宫式流道灌水器堵塞效应及堵塞物属性试验研究；（3）基于CFD技术的灌水器堵塞机理分析与数值模拟；（4）基于风险评价的灌水器堵塞及主要污染物概率分布；（5）基于蒙特卡罗风险评价方法的灌水器堵塞风险表征及控制对策。通过借助数值模拟和再生水利用风险评价的思想方法开展研究，旨在探索一条基于水质评价的、具有一定普适作用的再生水灌水器堵塞主要污染物评价和控制方法，结果对生活污水再生滴灌利用有直接指导作用，对探索再生水滴灌堵塞机理和控制理论具有参考价值。

项目计划执行期为2013年1月至2016年12月，基本按拟定的研究内容和目标进行。完成了源于生活污水的再生水水质动态、滴灌过滤器过滤再生水效果、滴灌灌水器堵塞效应、堵塞物分布、滴灌灌水器堵塞物组成等试验测定工作；做了相应的理论分析和计算；为了改善再生水水质，减轻或控制再生水滴灌灌水器堵塞效应，从再生水过滤和深度处理技术两个方面做了一些探讨；研究成果在内蒙古地方标准“再生水灌溉工程技术规范”编制中得到了应用。截至目前，项目共发表论文7篇，硕士论文1篇，获批实用新型专利1个，申请发明专利1个，获批内蒙古地方标准1部。研究成果对促进再生水滴灌技术的发展和应用有较大的理论价值和现实意义。