输液法诱导血竭及其与天然血竭的药学比较研究

Dragon’s blood is produced by extraction of the deep red resin of its resource plants such as Dracaena and so on. As a rare traditional medicine, it has been used widely in many countries as “miracle drug for activating blood circulation”, because of its various pharmacological properties such as eliminating stasis to activate blood circulation, stopping bleeding, relieving pain and so on. Recently, requirement of dragon’s blood in the medicine market is increasing dramatically. Unfortunately, formation of dragon’s blood need at least several years, so collection of its natural resource cannot meet its market demand. In addition, its natural resources have been destroyed seriously as a result. Therefore, production of dragon’s blood artificially is urgent. In our previous research, yield of dragon’s blood increased significantly, and its formation period decreased dramatically, when an inductor was injected into trunk of Dracaena cambodiana by transfusion. Moreover, analysis of artificially induced dragon’s blood for 4 moths by HPLC indicated that its chemical constituents are similar to those in natural one. Base on the research above, factors of artificially induced technology such as inductor dose and inducing period, will be optimized. Moreover, its chemical constituents will be compared with those of natural dragon’s blood by HPLC finger print, GC-MS and HPLC-MS technology, and their pharmacological properties will also be compared for its clinical application using models such as eliminating stasis to activate blood circulation and so on. This research can not only find a new way for the production of dragon’s blood to protect its natural resources, but also decrease its cost.

血竭是龙血树属植物等基源植物产生的暗红色树脂提取而成，是一种珍稀传统药物，具有活血化瘀、止血镇痛等多种药理活性，被誉为“活血之圣药”，在许多国家广泛应用，近年来在医药市场上的需求迅速增长。然而血竭的自然形成需要至少几年时间，野生资源不能满足其市场需求，且对野生资源的过度采伐导致其遭受严重破坏，所以采用人工方法生产血竭已迫在眉睫。在前期研究中我们采用输液法将一种诱导剂输入海南龙血树树干，大大缩短了血竭的形成时间，提高了产量，HPLC分析表明，诱导四个月所产血竭和天然血竭的成分相似。本项目拟在前期研究基础上，优化血竭的诱导剂剂量，诱导时间等诱导条件，提高其产量和质量。并通过HPLC指纹图谱、GC-MS和HPLC-MS比较其化学成分和天然血竭的差异，同时采用活血化瘀等药理模型比较其和天然血竭的差异，为其临床应用做出评价。本研究不仅为血竭的生产另辟蹊径，保护了野生资源，而且大大降低了生产成本。

血竭是龙血树属植物等基源植物产生的暗红色树脂提取而成，是一种珍稀传统药物，具有活血化瘀、止血镇痛等多种药理活性，在许多国家广泛应用，近年来在医药市场上的需求迅速增长。然而血竭的自然形成需要至少几年时间，野生资源不能满足其市场需求，且对野生资源的过度采伐导致其遭受严重破坏，所以采用人工方法生产血竭已迫在眉睫。.本研究采用输液法将一种诱导剂输入海南龙血树树干，仅需一年便可使其木质部产生红色树脂，将其提取得人工诱导血竭。该方法大大缩短了血竭的形成时间，提高了产量。通过HPLC-MS对人工诱导血竭粗提物进行分析，并通过多种分离手段对其化学成分进行分离鉴定，结果表明，人工血竭和天然血竭的成分相似，其主要成分均为黄酮类化合物。.采用抗血栓、止血、抗炎镇痛和抗肿瘤药理模型比较其和天然血竭药理活性的差异，结果表明，人工诱导血竭和天然血竭均能明显降低动静脉旁路模型大鼠的血栓重量，降低急性血瘀模型大鼠的全血粘度（低剪切率下），显著减少其血小板最大聚集率，增大红细胞变形指数，表明其具有明显的活血化瘀活性；人工诱导血竭和天然血竭均可缩短小鼠出血时间，同时对正常小鼠凝血时间没有明显影响，表明其具有良好的止血活性；人工诱导血竭明显延迟小鼠扭体反应出现的时间，降低小鼠扭体反应次数，表明人工血竭的镇痛活性优于天然血竭；天然和人工诱导血竭的所有剂量组均可抑制二甲苯所致的耳廓肿胀，具有显著的抗炎活性。天然和人工诱导血竭其对人胃癌细胞 (SGC-7901)、人慢性髓原白血病细胞(K562)、人宫颈癌细胞（Hela）和人肺癌A549细胞株具有一定的细胞毒活性,且人工诱导血竭活性略强与天然血竭。.本研究不仅为血竭的生产另辟蹊径，保护了野生资源，而且大大降低了生产成本。