高功率固体激光驱动器大口径光机单元精密装配的关键技术原理及应用

To solve the integrated assembly problem of large aperture transport mirror in the high power solid-state laser facility (SG-III), the focuses of this project are put on the technical mechanism of assembly error accumulation and the fundamental method for assembly accuracy optimization. Firstly, important assembly technical specifications, including surface profile, alignments, etc., which can affect the wavefront performance of large aperture optical unit very much are analyzed in detail, based on the total performance requirements of high power laser facility. Then, the impact of laser physical conditions on the transport mirror’s assembly performance is discussed and the physical conditions are defined as parametric constraint models. And subsequently, a comprehensive opto-mechanical framework integrated the theories of mechanical assembly, mechanics, materials, laser and thermal physics, is proposed as a fundamental method to model both of the optical unit’s assembly error accumulation and its assembly accuracy/performance stability condition. Finally, this research methodology also can provide a general scientific guideline for precision assembly design and application of the optical units in China’s high power solid-state laser facility.

课题以在高功率固体激光驱动器中具有典型意义的大口径激光传输反射镜集成装配问题为背景，重在阐明大口径光机单元的装配误差形成机理及其装配精度优化的基础方法。首先从高功率激光驱动器的总体性能指标出发，分析对大口径反射镜的波前性能有重大影响的面形误差、对准误差等关键装配指标的形成原理，通过建立工作环境的参数化激光物理条件模型研究工况约束对反射镜装配性能的重要影响作用。进而针对大口径反射镜的典型技术特点，将装配误差建模理论与力学、材料、激光/热物理等基础理论方法结合起来，建立光/机一体的综合研究体系，揭示复杂物理条件下的大口径激光传输反射镜的装配误差形成规律及其装配性能稳定的关键技术条件，也为我国高功率激光驱动器大口径光机组件的装配设计与优化研究提出科学的指导方法。

结合我国惯性约束聚变工程的重大需求，以在高功率固体激光驱动器中具有典型意义的大口径激光传输反射镜集成装配难题为牵引，课题的研究工作重在阐明大口径光机单元的装配工艺与光学性能之间的关联影响原理、光学元件的精度演变机理以及光机单元装配精度优化的基础科学方法。研究工作首先围绕着复杂光机系统的性能需求阐明了大口径激光反射传输元件的面形误差、指向误差等关键装配参数的内在意义，并围绕着工作环境条件建立了反射传输单元光-热-力激励模型以揭示复杂工况影响下光机系统装配性能对于激光反射传输过程的影响作用规律。在此基础上，结合惯约装置400mm大口径反射单元的典型技术特点，提出了基于多学科交叉、多物理作用建模的激光反射传输单元光机性能一体化综合分析系统。理论研究工作与实验验证研究密切结结合，揭示了复杂物理条件下大口径激光传输反射系统装配误差的形成规律及其装配性能稳定的关键技术条件，取得的关键技术成果为我国新一代巨型激光反射传输系统的装配设计、工艺优化等研究提供了重要的科学指导和直接的技术支撑。