高选择性荧光探针分子在生物体Hg2+、Cr3+、Fe3+成像检测中的研究

Metal ions are of great significance to maintain life and health. The alteration of concentration of metal ions in living bodies, especially trace heavy metal ions balance within the cell, will lead to serious disorders of the body, and induce many major malignant diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neuropathy. Fluorescent probe method has many advantages in metal ions detection, such as high selectivity and sensitivity and has a rapid development recently due to their use in vitro/vivo. From cell biology, the development of imaging technology of the metal ions within the cell provides a basis of the detection of intracellular metal ion enrichment, the transmission function and the maintain or poison to organism. This project mainly focuses on the independent design and synthesis of novel fluorescent probe molecules to realize the detection of heavy metal ions in vivo. The results will not only greatly promote the development of trace heavy metal analytical chemistry, but also provide the technical support of the environmental detection of heavy metal ion for the construction of "Hainan International Tourism Island" planning.

金属离子对维持人体健康具有重要的意义。改变生物体内金属离子的平衡浓度尤其是痕量重金属离子的浓度会导致严重的机体失调，引发诸如癌症、糖尿病、神经性病变等在内的重大恶性疾病。从细胞生物学角度出发，具有特异选择性和灵敏度的荧光探针分子在检测细胞内金属离子生理和病理方面的功能具有"时空"的真实性，尤其是细胞内金属离子成像技术的发展，为细胞内金属离子的富集、传输、对生物体的功能维护或者毒害，进行可视化的、实时的检测提供了基础。本项目通过自主设计合成的新型荧光探针分子，优化测试条件，显著提高对细胞内重金属离子检测的选择性和灵敏度，在强电解质干扰条件下对重金属离子的传感响应特性进行研究，深入探讨探针分子对重金属离子的传感机理，达到对重金属离子检测的目的。本项目将有力推动痕量重金属元素分析化学的发展，同时也为"国际旅游岛"规划建设提供环境重金属离子检测方面的技术支撑。

本项目对重金属离子Hg2+、Cr3+、Fe3+具有选择性的荧光探针进行设计合成与筛选，截至结题日期，分别合成目标离子荧光探针各两个，测试结果令人满意。发表科研论文16篇，其中SCI收录8篇；获得国家授权发明专利一项。该项目的研究，为设计合成新型的荧光探针以及探针在重金属离子检测方面提供了一定的科学依据。