贸易地理特征与中国出口国内附加值低下之“谜”

There are two typical phenomena being widely observed in current China, which are the riddle of low domestic value added of export enterprises and twisted distribution of trade gains among regional trade. On one hand, this reflects momentous effect of foreign trade on China's unbalanced regional economy development. On the other hand, it indicates China's unreasonable policies on international trade and regional development, thus calling for fruitful adjustment. However, previous studies neglected significant impact of trade geographic locating characteristic factors on those phenomena. Based on intersection and merge of multiple disciplines involving new economic geography, international economics, development economics and regional economics, our project analysis the effect and mechanism of trade geographic regional characters on domestic value added of export enterprises in China, and further anatomizes the channel and mechanism of foreign trade's influence on China's unbalanced regional economy development through important factors of trade geographic locating characteristic. In a word, this project research results on trade geographic region and China's export value added provides valuable empirical evidence and decision reference for profound understanding major issues existing in China's foreign trade at present, and for achieving rebalance of China's regional economy development and regional industry transfer under open conditions.

当前，中国存在企业出口国内附加值低下之"谜"和区域间贸易收益分布扭曲的典型现象，这一方面反映出对外贸易对中国区域间经济发展不平衡具有的重要影响作用，另一方面反映了中国国际贸易政策和区域发展政策的不合理与调整的迫切性。而以往的研究忽略了贸易地理区位特征因素对中国出口国内附加值低下和区域间贸易收益分布扭曲的重要作用。本课题依靠新经济地理学、国际经济学、发展经济学和区域经济学的交叉融合，通过对贸易地理区位特征对中国企业出口国内附加值的影响效应与作用机理的分析，剖析对外贸易是如何通过贸易地理区位的重要特征因素对中国区域间经济发展不平衡的影响渠道与其中的作用机理。本课题的研究成果，对于深入理解现阶段中国对外贸易和区域经济发展进程中所存在的重要问题，以及在开放条件下实现中国区域经济发展的再平衡与区域间的产业转移，可以提供了有价值的经验证据和理论基础，对相关政策的调整和制定具有重要的决策参考依据意义。

在中国持续推进的对外开放背景下，全面参与到由发达国家推动和掌控的全球价值链分工与贸易体系，究竟会对中国本土企业的出口国内附加值、出口产品质量以及企业自主创新活动产生何种影响？这是事关中国经济可持续增长动力机制转换的核心问题。本课题着重瞄准和研究在中国本土企业在参与全球价值链为主要特征的国际贸易和分工体系这一特定背景下，区域性的制度环境因素、区域市场竞争行为因素、区域政府政策差异性以及区域间企业自主创新能力体系的差异性，对中国本土企业出口国内附加值、出口产品质量等出口优势以及企业出口行为的影响效应及其内在机制，从而为深入理解在全球价值链体系下以及逆全球化苗头初现的趋势下，中国如何促进本土企业国际竞争提升以及出口优势优化升级的突破路径、具体举措和政策措施。