不包含玻璃化形成金属元素的块体磁性非晶态合金的制备及其性能研究

(Fe, Co, Ni)-based traditional magnetic amorphous alloys always attract a great deal of attention due to their excellent properties and significantly low cost. In general most of traditional magnetic amorphous alloys have the low glass-forming abilities(GFA) so that it is very difficult to produce their amorphous alloys in bulk form. Recent works on bulk amorphous magnetic alloys focus mainly on searching for new alloy systems with large glass formation ability (GFA). In order to improve GFA of ferromagnetic alloy, some glass-forming metal elements, such as Al, Ga, Nb, Mo, Y and so forth, have to be added to alloy. However, very often the addition of glass-forming metal elements degrades the magnetic properties of an alloy and also increase the materials cost. The work of this project will focus on (Fe,Co,Ni)-based traditional magnetic amorphous alloys and attempt to prepare their bulk form without the addition of any glass-forming metal elements. By fluxing purification technique and J-quenching fast cooling technique, heterophase impurities in the preparation process can be eliminated effectively and thus the GFA of these traditional magnetic amorphous alloys with the simple composition will be improved. So it can be expected to obtaine their bulk amorphous alloys with fewer components. The successful synthesis of bulk magnetic amorphous alloys with fewer components will provide more room and flexibility for the design of alloy composition, the optimization of the performance and the study on the mechanism.

由于优异的性能和低廉的原料成本，Fe、Co、Ni基磁性非晶态合金一直都受到极大的关注。由于传统的磁性非晶态合金的玻璃化形成能力(GFA)较小，制备其块体非晶态合金非常困难。目前制备块体磁性非晶合金的主要思路是在传统的磁性非晶态合金中加入一些玻璃化形成金属元素，如Ga，Nb，Al，Mo，Y等，以提高合金的GFA，从而获得块体磁性非晶态合金。然而加入的玻璃化形成金属元素往往使非晶态合金的磁性能劣化。本项目将针对传统的Fe、Co、Ni基磁性非晶态合金，在不添加任何玻璃化形成金属元素的情况下，利用Fluxing提纯技术和J-quenching快速冷却技术，通过最大限度地消除制备过程中的非均匀形核杂质，来提高合金的GFA，从而获得具有简单组元组成的块体磁性非晶态合金。具有简单组元组成的块体磁性非晶态合金的成功制备，将为块体磁性非晶态合金的成分设计，性能优化以及机理研究提供更大的自由度和便利。

本项目的主要目标是利用Fluxing提纯技术和J-quenching快速冷却技术，通过最大限度地消除制备过程中的非均匀形核杂质来提高合金的玻璃化形成能力（GFA），从而制备具有简单组元组成的Fe、Co、Ni基块体磁性非晶态合金。通过项目的执行，我们获得了以下成果：（1）通过Flux提纯技术和J-quenching技术相结合的方法，成功获得多个四元(FeM)80P13C7 (M=Co，Ni，Mo)和(FeM)80P14B6 (M=Co，Ni)块体非晶态合金；（2）高饱和磁化强度Fe基块体非晶态合金的制备；（3）利用flux提纯技术和J-quenching技术，制备基于工业级原料的Fe基块体非晶态合金；（4）发展新的应用于生物材料的Fe基和Co基块体非晶态合金；（5）发展新的简单组元组成的Co基和Ni基块体非晶态合金；（6）通过第一性原理模拟计算研究了类金属元素对Fe、Co、Ni基非晶态合金微观原子排布、GFA以及磁性能的影响；等。我们的结果表明，Fluxing提纯技术和J-quenching快速冷却技术是制备Fe、Co、Ni基块体非晶态合金非常有效的技术和方法，这使我们有机会去发展新的Fe、Co、Ni基块体非晶态合金。