可重构传感天线研究

Reconfigurable sensing antenna (RSA) is an emerging concept in antenna area, which not only can receive and transmit electromagnetic waves, but also can sense the surrounding environments. RSA based novel wireless sensors have two distinguished advantages, namely, passive and low cost, which have a great potential in large-scale wireless sensing networks (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT). In this project, the RSA theory and technique will be investigated. The sensing mechanism and corresponding materials that are suitable for antenna integration will be selected, and the antenna radiation mechanism and antenna structures will be properly designed. As a result, the reconfigure procedure from environment features (sensing material parameters( antenna characteristics will be realized. Using high-Q microstrip antennas and cavity resonators, the sensing material parameters will have a strong capability to reconfigure the antenna radiation characteristics, leading to a highly sensitive RSA designs. Based on this RSA concept, novel passive low-cost wireless temperature sensors will be designed to demonstrate this new wireless sensing method and measure the sensing accuracy. This work will establish a good foundation for the RSA applications in large-scale wireless sensor networks.

可重构传感天线是天线领域发展的一个新兴趋势，它不仅具备传统天线收发电磁波的功能，还具备了环境传感功能。基于可重构传感天线概念的设计的新型无线传感器，具有"无源"和"低成本"的突出优点，在大规模无线传感网和物联网中有着重大应用前景。 本项目拟对可重构传感天线的基本理论与关键技术开展研究，选择适于集成到天线设计中的传感机理与相应材料，并通过天线辐射机理与天线结构的设计，实现从环境特性 (传感材料参数(天线辐射特性的可重构工作原理。本项目中，将采用具有高Q谐振特性的微带天线和金属腔体结构，来提高传感材料参数对天线辐射特性的重构性能，实现具有高灵敏度的传感天线。基于可重构传感天线概念，本项目将进一步设计新型无源、低成本的温度传感器，验证其传感原理，测试其传感精度，为其在大规模无线传感网中的应用打下基础。

可重构传感天线是天线领域发展的一个新兴趋势，它不仅具备传统天线收发电磁波的功能，还具备了环境传感功能。基于可重构传感天线概念设计的新型无线传感器，具有“无源”和“低成本”的突出优点，在大规模无线传感网和物联网中有着重大应用前景。..本课题建立了可重构传感天线的基本工作原理，总结了天线设计方法，提出了可重构传感天线的关键指标参数。针对离散温度阈值传感需求，本课题提出了单频传感微带天线和双频传感微带天线，成功研制了天线样机两套。针对连续温度传感需求，提出了三种类型天线，即基于PTFE材料的腔体缝隙天线、基于双金属片的平面旋转偶极子天线、基于双金属片的微带缝隙天线，并成功研制了天线样机三套。针对倾斜度传感需求，提出了集成水银开关的微带天线，成功研制了天线样机一套。本课题还成功开发了可重构传感天线测试系统两套，一个用于测试传感距离和传感参数，一个用于实现可控温度测试环境。..本课题建立了可重构传感天线的基本理论与设计方法，对于天线领域的发展具有重要的科学意义，同时对于无线传感网络的物理层发展具有较大的参考价值。本课题研究的各类温度传感器、倾斜度传感器对构建大规模无线传感网络具有重要工程意义，在众多国防和民用领域具有广泛的应用前景。