轴流泵与出水流道相互干扰的非定常流动机理及优化匹配

Axial-flow pumping system plays a very important role in some areas of our country, such as inter-basin water transfer, urban flood control, water environmental improvement and agricultural drainage and irrigation. Axial-flow pump and outlet conduit have great influence on hydraulic performance of axial-flow pumping system. In order to investigate the unsteady flow interaction mechanism between axial-flow pump and outlet conduit, the test platform of vertical axial-flow pumping system will be constructed. The interaction physical mechanism of the internal flow fields in different axial-flow pumps and outlet conduits will be investigated mainly. The numerical simulation, V3V (Volumetric Three-component Velocimetry) field measuring technology, velocity circulation measuring technology and performance tests will be comprehensively applied. The three-dimensional flow field will be gotten for the interface between axial-flow pump and outlet conduit and the typical parts of outlet conduit. The axial-flow pump outlet velocity circulation will be measured by swirl meter. Calculation model and numerical methods will be modified based on the comparison results of the internal flow characteristics of pumping system by V3V flow field measurement and CFD calculation. The influence of boundary conditions of outlet conduit on the axial-flow pump outlet flow filed will be analyzed. The relation graph of velocity circulation and flow will be draw based test data. The quantitative relationships of hydraulic performance parameters and axial-flow pump operating conditions will be get for outlet conduit in different operating conditions. The effect weight of important influence factor will be obtained quantitatively for coupled flow passage components. The study results are beneficial to ensure highly efficient operation of axial-flow pumping system, improve the hydraulic design level of outlet conduit and axial-flow pump, which has an important theoretical significance and practical engineering value for axial-flow pumping system.

轴流泵站在我国跨流域调水、城市防洪和农业排灌等国民经济重要领域发挥了重要的作用。轴流泵与出水流道对轴流泵站水力性能的影响较大，为揭示轴流泵与出水流道相互干扰的非定常流动机理，本项目将建立立式轴流泵装置全流道的测试平台，采用体三维流场、速度环量及水力损失测试技术系统开展轴流泵与出水流道耦合面及出水流道内部体三维流场的测试研究，并测试变工况时轴流泵的出口速度环量及出水流道的水力损失，揭示轴流泵与出水流道内流相互干扰的物理机制，探析出水流道物理边界条件对轴流泵出口流场的影响规律，绘制变转速时轴流泵出口速度环量的变化图谱，明确出水流道水力性能指标与轴流泵运行工况参数的定量关系，量化彼此间内流相互影响的主要因素及影响权重，开展在轴流泵影响条件下出水流道与轴流泵的优化匹配设计。本研究有益于提高轴流泵站的水力效率，降低轴流泵站的能耗，推动轴流泵与出水流道的水力设计水平，具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。

轴流泵站在我国跨流域调水、城市防洪和农业灌排等国民经济重要领域发挥了重要的作用。轴流泵与出水流道对轴流泵站水力性能的影响较大，为揭示轴流泵与出水流道相互干扰的非定常流动机理。以轴流泵装置整体为研究对象，采用理论分析、先进的流场测试技术、数值模拟和物理模型试验等多种相结合的方法开展轴流泵与出水流道相互干扰的非定常流动机理的研究，并基于此对出水流道的自适应优化匹配技术开展研究。获得了轴流泵出口速度环量与流量的变化规律，建立了轴流泵出口速度环量与流量对出水流道水力损失影响的数学模型，给出了轴流泵出口速度环量的变化图，获取了轴流泵出口流场的激光测试结果，明晰了在出水流道进口边界条件确定时不同调节角的轴流泵后置导叶体对泵装置能量性能的影响规律。基于立式轴流泵装置全流道的数值和试验分析，揭示了轴流泵对直管式出水流道和虹吸式出水流道水力性能的影响规律，明晰了不同转速各工况时轴流泵装置出水流道内流脉动及噪声的变化规律，获得了轴流泵对有无隔墩时出水流道的影响规律，采用PIV激光流场测试技术获取了直管式出水流道特征区域的流场，分析了卧式轴流泵装置的轴流泵与出水流道内流相互影响的机理。基于Isight-FD构建了出水流道的多参数协同求解的自适应优化平台，解决了泵与出水流道水力耦合约束的问题，并于工程实际中获得应用，建立了基于熵投影寻踪的出水流道综合性能的评价模型。项目实施期内，完成学术专著1部，发表学术期刊论文25篇，SCI\EI收录12篇；授权发明专利7项，实用新型专利11项，受理英国发明专利1项，登记软件著作权5件；获省部级科技进步一等奖与三等奖各1项，市厅级一等奖1项；参加国内外学术会议并做口头学术报告8人次；培养硕士研究生5名。项目的研究成果可直接指导泵站工程出水流道的设计优化，在提高泵站的水力效率方面具有直接的推动意义，对轴流泵站的建设和更新改造具有直接的工程指导意义，研究成果有利于整个轴流泵站的安全高效稳定运行，不仅具有重要的学术意义，更具有重要的工程实用价值。