极化可重构全向天线研究

The reconfigurable antenna may become one of the core technologies of the next generation of wireless communication systems, thus is a hot topic nowadays in the area of antenna theory and technology. The polarization reconfigurable antenna technology is the most important category of the reconfigurable antennas. Since an omnidirectional antenna cannot achieve pattern reconfiguration, polarization reconfiguration is more important for omnidirectional antennas than for directional antennas; thus the development of polarization reconfigurable omnidirectional antennas is emerging and obviously necessary. Meanwhile, omnidirectional antennas with difference polarizations have different antenna configurations; thus it is more difficult to realize polarization reconfiguration for an omnidirectional antenna than for a directional antenna. Based on a lot of previous investigations, we propose a polarization reconfigurable configuration for an omnidirectional antenna which has a configuration of multiple dipoles. This polarization reconfigurable omnidirectional antenna can achieve vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, left-handed and right-handed circular polarizations, and +-45-degreee slanted polarizations. This project will focus on the configuration and development of polarization reconfigurable omnidirectional antennas and will investigate the operating mechanism and performance characteristics of these reconfigurable antennas. The research of this project involves a dual-dipole polarization configurable omnidirectional antenna, a quad-dipole polarization reconfigurable omnidirectional antenna, and a feeding network with switch control circuits. The implementation of this project will enrich the theory and technology of reconfigurable antennas and will provide technical support for antenna multifunctionality in modern wireless communication systems for increasing the channel capacity and reliability.

可重构天线可能成为下一代无线通信系统的核心技术之一，因而是目前天线理论与技术领域的研究热点；极化可重构是可重构天线的研究重点。由于全向天线无法实现方向图重构，极化重构对全向天线显得尤为重要，因此研究极化可重构全向天线具有明显必要性。同时，因为不同极化全向天线具有不同的天线结构，故极化可重构全向天线也是一个难点课题。本项目在充分的前期研究基础上，提出基于多偶极子单元结构的极化可重构全向天线，可实现垂直极化、水平极化、左右旋圆极化和+-45度斜极化等六种极化可重构全向辐射。项目着重研究极化可重构全向天线的体系结构和实现方法，探讨不同体系结构的工作原理和性能特征。项目主要研究内容包括双偶极子极化可重构全向天线、四偶极子极化可重构全向天线以及馈电网络与开关控制电路。通过本项目研究，可望解决可重构天线领域里的关键技术问题，为实现全向天线多功能化，提高现代无线通信系统容量和通信可靠性提供天线技术支持。

项目对极化可重构全向天线的理论及设计方法进行了系统深入研究。实现了水平/垂直，正负45度斜极化及左/右旋圆极化等六种极化可重构全向天线，完成了水平/垂直/左旋/右旋四重极化可重构全向天线的设计与验证。对馈电网络及偏置电路及其对全向天线性能的影响进行了细致研究，解决了可重构天线领域里的一些关键技术问题，如多重极化的阻抗匹配、多开关集成以及馈线与偏置线对方向图影响等问题。掌握了六种极化可重构全向天线的工作原理和构造方法，丰富了天线理论，为多重极化可重构全向天线技术的工程应用提供了理论与方法支撑。项目资助发表论文28篇，其中SCI检索国际期刊论文10篇；授权专利23项，其中发明专利1项。项目资助培养博士生5名，硕士生10余名，博士后一名。项目资助参加国际学术会议6次，交流论文17篇，研究成果受到国内外同行关注。相关论文分别在2014及2015年本学科顶级国际学术会议IEEE天线与传播大会（IEEE APS）学生论文竞赛获Honorable Mention及Finalist，研究成果形成一定国际影响。