活动区暗条形成的观测与研究

Solar filaments are a common feature in the solar atmosphere. The filament formation process not only involves the reconfiguration and then conversion of the magnetic fields on the Sun to filament magnetic fields, but also represents the accumulation and storage of magnetic energy in the solar corona. However, our observations and studies of the entire filament formation process are still poor and the formation process of filaments is still a controversial issue in solar physics. In this proposal, by using high-resolution and multi-wavelength observations from ground instruments (including NVST and NST) and spacecraft (such as SDO, IRIS and HINODE), we will focus on the formation of active region filaments. We try to study the fine structure of the active region filaments and to reveal the detailed process that photospheric motions (such as rotation, convergence, and shear) and magnetic cancellation build up the magnetic structure of the active region filaments. We are going to study the formation of filaments in a flux emerging region and the merging of a filament with an arch filament system, and then to investigate thoroughly the formation and growth mechanisms of filaments in the flux emerging region.

太阳暗条是太阳大气中比较普遍的特征。暗条的形成过程不仅涉及太阳上磁场在一定条件下重组转化为暗条磁场的过程而且还表征着日冕中磁能积累和储存的过程。但是，目前对暗条完整形成的观测和研究仍然比较匮乏，在太阳物理研究中暗条的形成仍然是一个有争议的话题。本项目拟利用当前高时空分辨率、多波段的地面（NVST，NST）和空间（SDO，IRIS，HINODE）观测，重点研究活动区暗条的形成，试图揭示活动区暗条磁场的精细结构以及光球运动（转动、会聚、剪切）和磁对消在活动区暗条形成过程中的细节和作用；研究新浮现区与暗条形成的关系，探究新浮现区暗条形成的机制；研究新浮现区弓状纤维系统与暗条合并的过程，揭示新浮现区暗条生长的机制。

太阳暗条是太阳大气中非常普遍非常重要的等离子体活动现象。至今,暗条磁场及其物质形成和演化系统而完整的观测研究仍然很匮乏。基于当前高分辨率太阳观测数据,包括我国自主研发的大口径太阳望远镜NVST以及国际空间望远镜SDO和IRIS, 项目主要研究：光球运动（转动、会聚、剪切）和磁对消建立暗条磁场结构的细节过程；新浮现区暗条的形成以及新浮现磁场与附近暗条或者暗条通道相互作用的过程；暗条磁场结构与附近爆发磁场结构相互作用的过程。项目旨在揭示活动区暗条磁场的精细结构及其形成和演化的规律，推进我们对暗条形成演化详细过程和物理机制的理解。