极端低温下含水冰月壤的钻进特性及其含冰率辨识方法研究

This project uses the lunar water-ice matter occurrence as the main line of science, and the lunar Antarctic water-ice drilling sampling as the engineering background. It is proposed to carry out the research on the drilling characteristics of lunar regolith containing water-ice in the extremely low temperature environment and to research the recognition method of the ice content during the lunar regolith drilling process. This project intends to carry out the following research works: the simulant of lunar regolith containing water-ice samples which covering the drilling characteristics are built, and the relationship between the mechanical parameters and the sample temperature and ice content is obtained; the interaction mechanics model between drill bit and lunar regolith containing water-ice is established and the drilling load of lunar regolith at different ice contents at extreme low temperatures is estimated. In order to obtain the correlation model between the ice content in the lunar regolith and drilling load characteristics, drilling load feature database is built. Based on drilling load characteristics, the in-situ mechanical parameters and ice content of lunar regolith containing water-ice are carried out. Based on experimental results of mechanical properties in lunar regolith containing water-ice sample database, In-situ mechanics parameters and ice content recognition model are revised. It can provide in-situ recognition method for the presence and distribution of water-ice in the lunar polar environment.

本项目以月球水冰物质的赋存状态探测为科学主线，以月球南极水冰钻探采样为工程背景，拟开展含水冰月壤在极端低温环境下的钻进特性研究，并研究钻探过程中月壤含冰率的辨识方法。本项目拟开展以下研究工作：构建能够覆盖钻进特性的含水冰月壤模拟样本，获得其力学特性参数与样本温度、含冰率之间的映射关系；建立钻头与含水冰月壤相互作用力学模型，预估极端低温下月壤在不同水冰含量时的钻进负载；构建钻进负载特征数据库，获得月壤含冰率与钻进负载特征间关联模型；开展基于钻进负载特征的含水冰月壤原位力学参数、含冰率双目标辨识方法研究，并根据含水冰月壤模拟样本库中的力学特性测试结果，修正原位力学参量、含冰率辨识模型，为月球极地环境下的水冰物质存在形态及其分布规律探测提供随钻原位辨识方法。

随着嫦娥五号月球采样探测返回任务圆满成功，宣示着我国成为世界上第三个拥有月球采样返回探测能力的国家。接下来，我国将开展月球南极地区月壤水冰证认式勘察，届时将有机会成为世界上第一个在月球通过原位探测手段发先月球水的国家。然而，在月球南极地区，近40K的极端低温工作环境、极度紧缺的探测器资源、极其有限的探测时间都将为我国原位探水任务带来极大的考验。本项目围绕极端低温环境下的月壤水冰目标特性开展研究工作，以钻进采样为主要探测手段，先后开展了极端低温条件下的含水冰月壤力学特性试验研究、钻头与含水冰月壤相互作用力学模型研究、含水冰月壤原位力学参量辨识模型研究以及基于钻进负载的月壤中水冰赋存含量辨识方法研究，获得了月壤水冰组构高拟实度制备方法及其制备工艺规范，揭示了月壤水冰力学特性随温度、含水率变化规律，实测获得了80K温度条件下模拟月壤水冰力学特性，建立了月壤水冰钻进负载预测模型，获得了不同含水率下月壤水冰最大钻进负载包络边界，构建了月壤水冰原位力学参量辨识模型，进一步通过关联月壤水冰力学特性和钻进负载，实现了不同含水率月壤力学特性与可钻性等级的有效关联，进而通过可钻性等级在线辨识方法间接实现了极端低温环境下月壤水冰赋存含量的在线辨识，为我国未来在月球极区高效能钻进探水提供方法保障。