基于锡基碳微球的导电聚合物修饰电极原位制备及其嵌/脱钠特性

This project is to develop conductive polymer modified Tin/carbon microsphere electrode in order to overcome the volume expansion issue for the Tin based anode of sodium ion batteries. The Tin/carbon microspheres will be synthesized by spray drying method and sequent thermal cracking technique, and the conductive polymer modification will be conducted by vapor phase polymerization. The dependence of electrode performance on the morphologies, constituents, structure will be investigated and which will be employed to clarify the suppression effect for the electrode volume expansion. After the formation of three dimensional channels for ions and electrons transportation, the performance of the batteries in capacity, high current discharge, and cycling is expected to be greatly enhanced. By using different electrochemical methods, in-situ XRD, and other physical characterization techniques, the sodiation/desodiation process will be investigated. The project is expected to provide fundamental basis for the development of high performance sodium ion batteries and reference for their commercialization.

本项目针对钠离子电池锡基负极所面临的体积膨胀效应问题，提出创制导电聚合物修饰锡基碳微球电极。拟采用喷雾干燥与热裂解工艺结合制备锡基碳微球负极材料，并利用原位气相聚合法实现导电聚合物的修饰。研究锡基碳微球的形貌、组成、电极结构与电极电化学性能之间的关系，并揭示所创制的电极在抑制锡基负极在体积膨胀收缩效应所发挥的作用。通过聚合物修饰电极形成的三维离子和电子通道后，钠离子电池在电池容量、大电流放电、循环稳定性方面性能将获得明显提高。以复合电极制备的钠离子电池作为研究对象，采用各种电化学方法，并结合原位XRD和其它物理表征技术，分析复合电极在钠离子电池反应中的脱/嵌钠过程。本项目实施将为设计和发展高性能锡基电极提供理论基础，为钠离子电池实用化研究提供参考依据。

本项目针对钠离子电池锡基负极材料所面临的体积膨胀效应问题，研制了两种碳包覆锡基负极材料、开发了一种零体积效应的碳包覆锡酸钛钠负极材料，基于导电聚合物、石墨烯等开发了电极制备工艺， 对负极材料形貌、组成、电极结构进行分析，揭示了电极充放电过程中的电子和离子传导机制，电极的体积膨胀效应得到明显抑制。锡基负极与相匹配的钠离子功能电解液和层状正极材料，设计研制了软包钠离子电池，电池在容量、大电流放电、循环稳定性方面性能获得明显提高。结合原位XRD表征技术，研究电极在钠离子电池反应中的脱/嵌钠过程。本项目为设计和发展高性能钠离子电池提供理论参考，为进一步开发实用化钠离子电池研究提供依据。