典型河口系统多环芳烃多界面归趋机理与模拟

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) as a persistent organic pollution are widely found in the envrionment , which are harmful to human health. With the increasing PAHs emission in estuary, it causes more negative impact on the natural environment and ecosystem, as well as the organisms including human people. However, due to the intense amphibious mutual effect, the biogeochemistry cycle in estuary is very variable, which make the PAHs environment process more complex in estuary. Thus, it is emergency and important tounderstand how the PAHs distribute and transfer in estuary. Yangtze estuary is selected as the study area in this project, the PAHs distribution and transfer in multi-mediums will be studied and analysised including dissolved phase, particles, sediments and organism et al.. The emission list of the PAHs in estuary will be also built from both statistics and experiments. According to these mechnisms and emission data, the model for the PAHs fate based on fugacity model will be developed, which may show spatial resolution of the PAHs distribution. This project may help us to understand the PAHs fate in estuary clearly, simulate the PAHs transfer among different mediums in this area and apply the scientific basis for PAHs control as well.

多环芳烃是一类广泛存在于各环境介质中极具生态和健康风险的POPs类污染物质。大量多环芳烃随着废水废气进入河口生态系统，不仅对环境质量产生影响，破坏生态系统的稳定性，影响其正常功能，更将对包括人类在内的生物体健康产生威胁。然而，由于河口地区受到强烈的不同时空尺度的水陆作用影响，生物地球化学循环极为复杂，PAHs环境过程、归趋机理研究尚待深化。因此，项目选择长江口作为典型研究区，建立河口PAHs排放清单，深入分析水、沉积物、悬浮颗粒物、各类生物等环境介质的PAHs时空分异特征和多界面迁移机制，揭示河口特殊环境对PAHs在多界面迁移转化机制的影响，基于上述机理研究，针对河口环境特点构建具有时空分辨率的多介质PAHs动态归趋模型。通过本项研究，能够更加深入的认识河口过程对PAHs归趋的影响机制，更加准确的模拟PAHs在河口区域的迁移过程，同时也为河口PAHs污染的防治提供重要的科学依据。

多环芳烃作为一类广泛存在于各环境介质中极具生态和健康风险的POPs类污染物质。大量多环芳烃随着废气废水进入河口生态系统，不仅对环境质量产生影响，破坏生态系统的稳定性，影响其正常功能，更将对人类在内的生物体健康产生威胁。然而，由于河口地区受到强烈的不同时空尺度的水陆作用影响，生物地球化学循环极为复杂，PAHs环境过程、归趋机理研究尚待深化。因此，项目选择长江口作为典型研究区，建立河口 PAHs 排放清单，深入分析水、沉积物、悬浮颗粒物、各类生物等环境介质的 PAHs 时空分异特征与多界面迁移机制，揭示河口特殊环境对PAHs在多界面迁移转化机制的影响，基于上述机理研究，.针对河口环境特点构建具有时空分辨率的多介质PAHs动态归趋模型，对河口系统PAHs多介质分布与多界面迁移进行动态模拟和预测。主要成果和进展如下：（1）系统分析了河口系统高、中、低潮滩多介质PAH的时空分异特征与变化规律。（2）深入揭示了河口典型环境过程对多界面 PAHs 迁移的影响机制，并评估了PAHs生态健康风险。（3）基于多元判源方法，重点阐明了河口环境系统 PAHs的源-汇演变特征，并建立了PAHs排放清单。（4）构建了河口PAHs多介质归趋模型，模拟了稳态假设下河口地区16种PAHs在大气、水体、沉积物和植物等环境介质中的浓度分布与归趋行为。项目研究成果对河口PAHs污染的防治提供重要的科学依据。