With global warming significantly taking place since the 1990s, tropical arid regions, such as the central dry zone of Myanmar, have experienced deterioration in vulnerable ecological environment due to warmer temperature and relative lower rainfall as compared to the other parts of the country. In that region, the amount of precipitation is controlled by the southwest monsoon as well as ENSO. Therefore, it is difficult to predict future precipitation trend using model simulation alone. High-resolution reconstruction of paleoclimatic change over the past 20 ka is a valuable method for assessing how climate changes. However, current high-resolution terrestrial proxies are limited in their applications, and as a result, a wide range of paleoenvironments are underrepresented in the geologic record. Maar lakes with annually laminated sedimentary sequence, are excellent sites for reconstructing in details past changes in vegetation and climate. This project will built upon a reliable chronology provided by both varve counting and AMS 14C ages. At first, we will establish the relationship between vegetation and climate by comparing the result of a 100-year sedimentary record from marr lake Twintaung with the instrumental climate record. Secondly, we will carry out high resolution pollen analysis of the sedimentary record for the past 20 ka. This investigation aims to establish a new high-resolution reference pollen profile, which will enable the reconstructions of vegetation and climate change on orbital and millennial time scales. This will facilitate the discussion on the dynamics of the southwest monsoon and the relationship between precipitation and ENSO, and provide paleoclimate data for assessing future climate changes in tropical arid regions.
在全球增温背景下,西南季风控制区脆弱的热带干旱区生态环境日趋恶化。由于该区降雨同时受季风和ENSO的显著控制,其降雨量的变化趋势存在很大的不确定性,单靠模拟无法评估该区未来气候变化的趋势。研究2万年来不同增温幅度下古气候和古生态状况,对评估该区未来气候变化的趋势具有重要的科学价值。缅甸中部玛珥湖高分辨率的年纹层记录,在利用孢粉重建精细的植被演替过程,探讨西南季风的演化历史方面具有不可替代的优势。本项目拟以年纹层和放射性年代标尺为基础,开展高分辨率的孢粉研究。通过对比分析近百年的器测数据与孢粉记录,确立孢粉与气候参数的关系,并在此基础上研究2万年来轨道尺度的植被演替和不同暖期的植被状况,以及千年尺度的植被变化,探讨西南季风在轨道尺度和千年尺度上的变化幅度和变化过程。为认识热带干旱区西南季风演化的动力机制提供重要的基础数据,为评估该区未来生态和气候演化趋势提供古气候历史参照。
在全球增温背景下,西南季风控制区脆弱的热带干旱区生态环境日趋恶化。缅甸中部地区是一个受西南季风影响的雨影区,属于干旱半干旱气候,其降雨量的变化情况存在许多的不确定性,单靠模拟无法评估该区未来气候变化的趋势,急需找到一个高分辨率的降雨量替代指标,来重建过去全球变化中降雨量的变化,在此基础上研究2万年来不同增温幅度下古气候和古生态状况,对评估该区未来气候变化的趋势具有重要的科学价值。. 缅甸中部蒙育瓦地区玛珥湖高分辨率的年纹层记录,为利用孢粉重建精细的植被演替过程,探讨西南季风的演化历史方面具有不可替代的优势。本项目以年纹层和210Pb、 137Cs、 AMS14C放射性年代标尺为基础,建立了精确的深度年龄模型,对Twintaung 玛珥湖的100年来和2万年的沉积物开展了高分辨率的孢粉研究。. 选取Twintaung玛珥湖泊岩芯上部16cm沉积物短柱以2-3mm为间距开展孢粉研究,建立了一份高分辨率的孢粉沉积序列。通过近百年孢粉组合记录与近百年的降水量器测数据对比分析,确立植被类型中的Poaceae、PCA一轴与气候参数降水量的关系,建立了缅甸干旱半干旱地区降雨量代用指标。. 通过对缅甸Twintaung玛珥湖580cm钻孔岩芯较高分辨率的孢粉分析,得出湖区周围植被总体特征森林草地。根据根据孢粉组合特征和Poaceae的百分含量变化划分为7个孢粉组合带,揭示了该地区2万年来的植被演化历史,并利用孢粉组合特征和降雨量的替代指标重建了缅甸中部地区气候干湿变化过程。同时根据孢粉组合特征分析研究了2万年来轨道尺度的植被演替和不同暖期的植被状况,以及千年尺度的植被变化,并得出缅甸全新世最适宜期为8200-6500 aBP年;末次冰期向全新世转暖过程中,植被由稀疏森林草原转向森林草原,指示全球变暖可能热带干旱区的季风会增强,气候会变得湿润。为认识热带干旱区西南季风演化特点提供重要的基础数据,为评估该区未来生态和气候演化趋势提供古气候历史参照。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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