电喷雾电离耦合超声雾化纳米包埋乳铁蛋白的机制及其控释机理研究

Anemia affects roughly a third of the world's population; half the cases are due to iron deficiency. Recent researches indicated that lactoferrin, a bioactive food macromolecule, is efficient in delivering iron to the human body and alleviate the anemia symptoms. Compared to traditional iron supplementary ingredients, lactoferrin has such advantages as exists in natural sources, safe to the human body and easy to extract. However, it is also unstable, easy to degrade and has an unsatisfactory iron supplementary effect through oral administration. Therefore, this project aims at solving the above scientific issues. Multidisciplinary methods and multi-layer analysis will be applied during the study. Coupled electrospray ionization and ultrasonic atomizing nanoencapsulation system will be developed. The electrostatic interactions between the core and wall materials, the mechanism of the nanoencapsulation process, the digestion behavior, the controlled release and the iron supplementary properties of the lactoferrin nanocapsules will be revealed. A targeted release of iron from lactoferrin nanoencapsulation will be achieved and studied. A novel lactoferrin nanoencapsulation research system with coupled electrospray ionization and ultrasonic atomizing nanoencapsulation technologies will be developed. This will finally achieve a stable and efficient iron supplementary effect of lactoferrin. The findings of this research will not only provide a new idea for processing iron supplementary food ingredients but also provide a fundamental basis to alleviate the iron deficiency anemia in our country.

全球近三分之一人口罹患贫血，其中约半数由铁缺乏引起。研究报道，食源性乳铁蛋白能够补充铁元素，有效缓解贫血症状，相较于传统补铁制剂，它具有天然、安全、易提取的优点，但也存在稳定性差、易降解及利用率低等突出问题。本项目以乳铁蛋白为研究对象，围绕乳铁蛋白在人体消化系统中结构不稳定、易降解及补铁功效降低的关键科学问题，综合运用学科交叉知识与现代检测分析技术手段，构建电喷雾电离耦合超声波雾化的物理场纳米包埋实验平台，研究芯材与壁材荷电作用的机制，揭示乳铁蛋白纳米胶囊包埋的机理，分析乳铁蛋白纳米胶囊的消化特性与控释能力，阐明乳铁蛋白纳米胶囊中铁元素靶向释放的机制，建立基于电喷雾电离耦合超声波雾化的物理场纳米包埋研究体系，达到乳铁蛋白结构稳定、高利用率及高效补铁的目的。本项目研究成果为我国天然、安全、稳定、高效补铁食品功能因子的探索及缺铁性贫血问题的研究提供新思路与科学依据。

缺铁性贫血在我国的发病率约为15%，绿色、安全、高效的食源性补铁制剂是亟需发展的研究。本项目以乳铁蛋白为研究对象，围绕乳铁蛋白在人体消化系统中结构不稳定、易降解及补铁功效降低的关键科学问题，综合运用学科交叉知识与现代检测分析技术手段，构建了电喷雾电离耦合超声波雾化的物理场包埋实验平台，研究了芯材与壁材荷电作用的机制，揭示了乳铁蛋白微胶囊包埋的机理，分析了乳铁蛋白微胶囊的消化特性与控释能力，阐明可乳铁蛋白微胶囊中铁元素靶向释放的机制，建立基于电喷雾电离耦合超声波雾化的物理场微胶囊包埋研究体系。在重要结果方面，我们发现电喷雾电离极大的促进了乳铁蛋白与海藻酸钠的结合，电喷雾电离法制备微胶囊的络合效果较强，封装率可达98%。除海藻酸钠外，果胶也可以与乳铁蛋白结合形成结构稳定的食源性补铁载体。在最优条件下，电喷雾电离制备所得的乳铁蛋白微胶囊展现出较好的控释效果，微胶囊中约25%的铁被靶向递送到肠吸收位点。耦合超声雾化后，微胶囊的理化性质与控释特性并未得到有效提升。因此，电喷雾电离可以制备可控效果较好的乳铁蛋白微胶囊，其机理是在微胶囊形成过程中被增幅的电荷相互作用与更加紧密的络合结构。本项目研究成果为我国天然、安全、稳定、高效补铁食品功能因子的探索及缺铁性贫血问题的研究提供新思路与科学依据。