W-Cu粉末/Zr基非晶双层药型罩射流成型机理及对混凝土侵彻行为

For an oil well perforator, the crater diameter of perforation oil-bearing strata is small, and debris is left in the channel, resulting in low permeability and pollution. Based on the design of oil well perforator with high penetration depth, large diameter and self-cleaning, W-Cu powder /Zr base amorphous double-layered liner is proposed, its jet forming mechanism and penetration behavior of concrete are studied. The mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of W-Cu alloy under high-speed impact and high temperature conditions are analyzed by carrying out the mechanical experiments, and the dynamic constitutive relation is established. The impact reaction experiments are carried out to study the reaction threshold and energy released relationship of Zr base amorphous material, which can explain the impact energy-released behavior. On this basis, the propagation of shock wave at the material interface of double-layered liner is analyzed, and the jet forming theory of W-Cu powder/Zr base amorphous double-layered liner is established. The influence of liner structure parameters on jet forming is analyzed based on the numerical simulations and X-ray experiments, and the influence mechanism of Zr base amorphous impact energy-released performance on jet forming is revealed. The penetration experiments are carried out to obtain the influence of Zr base amorphous impact energy-released on the concrete reaming, and clarify the damage enhancement mechanism of W-Cu powder/Zr base amorphous double-layered liner on concrete materials. The study can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the optimization design of shaped charge and the high-efficiency perforation technology, and it has important application value for improving oil well productivity and benefits.

常规射孔弹聚能射流对含油岩层侵彻孔径较小，且有碎屑留在孔道内，造成油井渗透率低和污染。项目以高穿深、大口径、自清洁射孔弹设计为背景，提出一种W-Cu粉末/Zr基非晶双层结构药型罩，研究其射流成型机理及对混凝土材料侵彻行为。基于力学试验，分析W-Cu合金在高速冲击、高温条件下力学性能和组织特性，建立其动态本构关系；开展冲击反应试验研究，获得Zr基非晶材料反应阈值和能量释放关系，阐明其冲击释能行为。在此基础上，分析冲击波在内外罩材料界面的传播过程，建立双层药型罩射流成型理论，数值仿真和X光试验分析药型罩结构参数对射流成型的影响规律，揭示Zr基非晶冲击释能对射流成型的影响机理；开展侵彻试验研究，获得Zr基非晶冲击释能对混凝土材料横向扩孔规律，阐明双层药型罩射流对混凝土材料毁伤增强作用机制。该研究为高效聚能射孔技术和药型罩结构优化设计提供理论基础和技术支撑，对提高油井产能和效益具有重要的应用价值。

常规射孔弹聚能射流对含油岩层侵彻孔径较小，且有碎屑留在孔道内，造成油井渗透率低和污染。项目以高穿深、大口径、自清洁射孔弹设计为背景，提出一种W-Cu粉末/Zr基非晶双层结构药型罩，研究其射流成型机理及对混凝土材料侵彻行为。基于力学试验，分析了W-Cu合金在高速冲击条件下力学性能和组织特性，获得了W-Cu合金材料Johnson-Cook本构方程拟合参数，与动态压缩实验应力应变曲线相吻合；开展了冲击反应试验研究，获得了Zr基非晶材料反应阈值和能量释放关系，建立了冲击波压力和靶板挠度评估分析工程模型，阐述了Zr基非晶材料发生化学反应机理。在此基础上，建立了双层药型罩射流成型理论模型，分析了Zr基非晶材料冲击阻抗对冲击波的影响及射流加速原理，通过数值仿真获得了药型罩结构参数对射流成型的影响规律，并利用X光试验验证了数值仿真的合理性。开展了侵彻试验研究，分析了W-Cu/Zr基非晶双层药型罩射流与混凝土靶的相互作用过程，获得了药型罩壁厚和炸高对侵彻性能的影响规律，结果表明射流动能侵彻与爆炸反应延迟匹配较好时能充分发挥射流动能和化学能的联合侵爆作用。该研究为高效聚能射孔技术和药型罩结构优化设计提供理论基础和技术支撑，对提高油井产能和效益具有重要的应用价值。