台湾地区叶蝉科系统分类学研究

Leafhopper is one of the main groups of agroforestry ecosystem with wide distribution, plentiful species and individuals. They are also very valuable studied material in many research fields, such as biodiversity, origin and evolution of arthropods, and zoogeography, etc.. Meanwhile, leafhoppers are important pests, their economic importance is paid attention by the people day by day in recent years. Taiwan island is the largest islands in China. As with long geological history and diversiform natural environments, fauna is very special in Taiwan island. However, the taxonomic, zoogeographical and ecological studies on leafhoppers of Taiwan island were carried out formerly by Japan and western countries. Type specimens are scattered in these countries and shortage of local researcher hamper the studies of leafhopper in present Taiwan. This project will have a comprehensive taxonomic study on leafhoppers in Taiwan island, inclding collecting specimens, identifying and describing species, analyzing the traits of species diversity and components of fauna, clarifying the constituent and fauna of leafhoppers in Taiwan island, revealing its distribution pattern and characteristics, exploring the origin and evolution of leafhopper fauna in Taiwan island and its relationship with the leafhopper on its adjacent areas. The results of the project will pave a basic ground for leafhopper biodiversity research and pest control.

叶蝉是生态系统中分布最广、种类和数量最为丰富的类群之一，许多种类是农林业生产上的重要害虫。台湾岛是我国第一大岛屿，其悠久的地质历史和多样的自然环境，造就了独特的动物区系组成；纵观台湾叶蝉分类研究历史，大都开展于上世纪前半叶日本对台湾殖民统治时期，叶蝉资源流失严重，大量模式标本散落于日本及西方国家，加上本土研究者的缺乏，严重阻碍了目前台湾叶蝉分类学研究的发展。本项目以台湾地区叶蝉科昆虫为研究对象，基于台湾各高校、博物馆等百余年馆藏标本，以及补充采集的新鲜材料，借阅检视国外的模式标本，通过形态比较、内部解剖和分子手段，对台湾叶蝉进行准确而较全面的鉴定，探讨其地理分布规律、区系组成和特点。预期描记、修订台湾叶蝉科的种类达300种以上，其中新种50种左右，新记录近40种，模式标本检视率在85%以上。研究结果无疑将加快台湾叶蝉分类研究进程，推动我国叶蝉区系研究的整体水平，丰富我国昆虫资源宝库。

项目执行期间，收集台湾地区叶蝉标本50000余号，拍摄野外生态照片2300余幅，并在此基础上对台湾地区叶蝉科昆虫进行了系统修订研究。已发表科研成果16篇，其中包括9篇SCI；获国家专利授权4项；出版学术专著1部；获批科研奖励1项；培养硕士研究生4人，其中3人已获得硕士学位。较好地完成了课题任务书的要求，主要研究成果有：通过对台湾地区叶蝉科昆虫系统分类研究，记述台湾地区叶蝉共302种，分隶9亚科；其中包括2新属，61新种，台湾新记录种56种，6新组合，13新异名，对所有新分类单元进行了描记和特征图的绘制，编制了各级单元的检索表。《台湾叶蝉志》正在统稿中，这极大地丰富了台湾叶蝉科的区系及多样性；建立了包括标本采集、存放，种类鉴定和文献等多方面信息的台湾叶蝉科昆虫数据库。区系分析发现台湾地区叶蝉科昆虫东洋区的属、种明显多于古北区，主要分布于华南区和华中区。