金纳米棒@二硫化钼核-壳结构的可控制备及其增强光催化性能研究

Utilizing photocatalysis to convert solar energy into chemical energy or to decompose organic contaminants is regarded as a long-term solution to address the global energy and environmental problems. However, it was restricted by the narrow light absorption region and low quantum yield for the current photocatalysts. It is desired of visible light photocatalysts with high quantum yield and low cost. Herein, we plan to synthesize photocatalysts with superior photocatalytic performance by combining the localized surface plasmon property of gold nanorods (AuNRs) and large areas of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MoS2). The AuNR@MoS2 core-shell nanostructures will be prepared by hydrothermal processes, and the dynamics and thermodynamics of the MoS2 growth on the AuNR surface will be investigated. Optical spectroscopic measurements will be utilized to analyze the interfacial charge transfer and separation efficiency. The effect of different factors on the photocatalytic activity will be evaluated carefully, including structure and morphology of the core and shell. Also, the mechanism of catalytic enhancement will be explored by optical spectroscopic and catalytic efficiency measurements of the AuNR@SiO2@MoS2 sandwich nanostructures. It is expected to provide foundation for the development of highly efficient photocatalysts and environmental application.

利用半导体光催化技术将太阳能转化为化学能或直接降解有机污染物，是解决能源短缺和环境污染等问题的有效途径。然而，由于受到现有光催化材料光响应范围窄和量子效率低的限制，光催化的实际应用进展缓慢，亟需研发高量子效率的可见光催化材料。本项目拟利用金纳米棒（AuNR）的局域等离激元特性和二硫化钼（MoS2）纳米片吸收可见光、比表面积大等优点，开展新型高效光催化材料的制备以及催化活性研究工作。采用水热法，可控制备AuNR@MoS2核-壳纳米粒子，研究MoS2在AuNR表面生长的动力学和热力学。通过光谱测试，系统研究不同核-壳纳米结构中的界面电荷传输水平和分离效率。研究核与壳的形貌、结构等因素对MoS2可见光催化活性的影响，筛选高效率的光催化材料。制备AuNR@SiO2@MoS2夹心结构，探讨AuNRs对MoS2可见光催化活性的增强机制，为可见光催化材料的发展及在能源环境中的应用提供理论依据和实验基础。

利用水热法首次在金纳米棒表面合成MoS2，得到AuNR@MoS2核壳结构。AuNR的表面等离子体效应明显增强了MoS2的可见光催化降解有机物性能。通过一步水热法合成了Ag2S/Fe3O4/MoS2和Bi4Ti3O12/Bi2S3/MoS2两种半导体复合结构，MoS2的负载显著增强了Ag2S 和Bi4Ti3O12的可见光催化性能。.此外，结合静电纺丝和湿法化学合成方法，在磁性纤维表面负载半导体光催化材料，得到可磁分离的光催化材料。在二氧化硅纳米纤维表面负载了不同形貌的光催化材料，得到了高催化活性、易操作的可见光催化柔性膜。