雷达海杂波反演海上大气波导的混合智能优化算法研究

According to the effects of marine atmospheric duct on the performance of the radio system, in order to overcome the drawback of standalone intelligent optimization algorithm, taking emphasis on the evaporation duct and surface-based duct in marine environment, the hybrid intelligent optimization algorithm is proposed to estimate the marine low-altitude atmospheric duct using radar sea clutter, and the corresponding theoretical model is established; meanwhile, in order to further improve the inversion performance and accuracy related to the hybrid intelligent optimization algorithm, the multi-frequency objective function is presented to increase the amount of radar sea clutter information in the inversion process, and the accurate inversion of the marine atmospheric duct is consequently achieved, in addition, the theoretical optimization results are compared with the measured radar sea clutter power and measured refractive index vertical profile to validate the accuracy of the optimization model, and the performance and robustness of different hybrid intelligent optimization algorithm are evaluated through the sensitivity and statistical analysis. The accurate detection of the atmospheric duct not only is an important prerequisite for exerting its performance of the marine radio system, but also the basic guarantee for obtaining the advantages at modern information warfare. Furthermore, the results of research have important application in the fields of reducing radio interference, detecting the shadow zone of atmospheric duct and assessing the effective detection area of radar in marine environment.

针对海上大气波导对无线电系统性能的影响，以海洋环境中的蒸发波导和表面波导为重点，为克服单一智能优化算法的缺点，提出采用混合智能优化算法利用雷达海杂波技术开展海上低空大气波导的反演研究，建立雷达海杂波反演海上大气波导的混合智能优化算法理论模型；同时，为了进一步提高混合智能优化算法的反演性能和准确性，提出利用多频率目标函数来增加反演过程中的雷达海杂波信息量，从而实现海上大气波导的精确反演，并将理论优化结果与实测雷达海杂波功率数据和折射率垂直剖面进行比较验证，通过对优化算法进行敏感性分析和统计分析，评价各种混合智能优化算法的性能和鲁棒性。大气波导的准确探测不但是海上无线电系统发挥其性能的重要前提，也是现代信息战争中取得优势的基础保障，研究结果对于海洋环境中减少无线电干扰、探测大气波导盲区以及评估雷达有效探测区域具有重要的应用价值。

考虑到海上大气波导环境对海上工作的雷达系统、电子信息系统以及通信系统的性能有着非常大的影响，本课题以海洋环境中的蒸发波导和表面波导为重点，为克服智能优化算法收敛速度慢、易于陷入局域最优的缺点，基于抛物方程方法建立了海洋环境中雷达海杂波的大气波导传输模型开展了粒子群优化算法、入侵杂草算法、人工蜂群算法、引力搜索算法、回溯跟踪算法及其混合算法在大气波导反演中的应用研究，并结合雷达海杂波技术实现了海上大气波导反演的理论模型和数值仿真研究。为了验证算法的性能，首先，利用实测雷达海杂波功率和仿真雷达海杂波功率作为输入来开展大气波导的反演研究来验证算法的准确性和有效性；其次，通过统计分析、反演过程中的收敛曲线以及与其他算法的对比研究来评价反演算法的性能。大气波导的准确探测是海上无线电系统发挥其性能的重要前提，研究结果对于海洋环境中无线电系统的设计和性能的提升提供了理论支撑。