特殊合金熔化机理及其在钢包中扩散混匀机制研究

In the steelmaking process of rare earth element alloyed steel and free-cutting stainless steels for ballpoint pens, the problem of unstable alloy yield was encountered. The applicant proposed using high melting point RE-Al-Fe alloy as alloying material, which had a long melting time and a stable alloy yield. This research proposal is focused on the high melting point RE-Al-Fe alloys, lead, tellurium and bismuth cored wire. A series of systematic work on the above mentioned special alloys will be carried out, such as melting test in high temperature molten steel in laboratory, mathematical simulation calculation of heat transfer, water model experiment of solid and liquid alloy melting and homogenization, modeling calculation of alloy melting and species transport in ladle. It is proposed that the scale of alloy size and flow in ladle metallurgical process be combined to systematically clarify 1) the relationship between melting route of alloy and the alloy type, iron cored etc., 2) the relationship between cored wire melting position during ladle wire feeding and wire feeding speed, superheat of molten steel etc., 3) the relationship between the alloy composition migration, mixing process of both liquid and solid alloys in ladle and the alloy density and concentration, and 4) the mechanism of alloy movement, melting, component migration and mixing process in the complex multi-phase flow field of alloy-gas-steel-slag in ladle. It will provide theoretical basis and reference for the production of rare earth element alloyed steel and free-cutting stainless steels for ballpoint pens.

稀土合金钢以及圆珠笔头用易切削不锈钢冶炼生产过程中均遇到合金收得率不稳定等问题，申请人提出使用高熔点稀土铝铁合金作为合金化材料，其熔化时间长，稀土元素收得率稳定。本项目以高熔点稀土合金、铅、碲、铋包芯线合金为研究对象，围绕几种特殊合金完成实验室高温钢液中熔化试验、传热数学模拟计算、固态液态合金熔化、均匀化的水模型试验、钢包内合金熔化及组分传输计算等一系列系统的工作。拟将合金大小的尺度和冶金过程钢包流动的尺度结合，系统阐明1）合金熔化路径与合金种类、包裹铁皮等因素的关系，2）钢包喂线过程合金熔化位置与喂线速度、熔池过热度等因素的关系，3）钢包中液态和固态合金的组分迁移、混合过程与合金密度、浓度的协同作用关系，4）钢包中合金—气—液—渣多相流复杂流场中合金运动、熔化、组分迁移、混合过程的作用机理。通过本项目研究，可为稀土合金钢、笔尖用钢等钢种生产提供理论依据和参考。

以稀土合金、圆珠笔头用不锈钢中铅、碲、铋合金收得率不稳定为背景，提炼稀土合金及铅、碲、铋合金熔化过程的共性科学问题。围绕几种合金完成工业生产熔化实验、传热数学模拟计算、固液态合金熔化、均匀化的水模型试验、钢包内合金熔化及组分传输计算等工作。将合金大小的尺度和冶金过程钢包流动的尺度结合，系统阐明1）铅、碲、铋及其包芯线合金熔化路径与合金种类、包裹铁皮等因素的关系，2）钢包喂线过程合金熔化位置与喂线速度、熔池过热度等因素的关系，3）钢包中不同密度固态合金的运动、熔化、混合（3M）过程与钢包流场的协同作用关系，4）钢包多相流复杂流场中合金元素传输、组分迁移、混合过程的作用机理。并提出1）优化的铅、碲、铋包芯线喂线工艺参数，2）交换吹气的钢包精炼新工艺，3）适用于模拟固态合金熔化的新型中空盐微球研究手段，4）适用于扩展推广的模拟废钢熔化的盐水溶液制冰研究方法。为稀土合金钢、圆珠笔头钢等钢种生产提供理论依据和参考，为水模型研究固态合金、废钢等物质熔化和混匀过程提供参考依据。