基于数字钻探测试技术的深部巷道破碎围岩锚注控制机理研究

The deformation of broken surrounding rock in deep roadway is severe, and it is difficult to control. Support technology taking bolt-grouting as the core becomes the main way to solve control problems in this kind of roadway. At present, it lacks the technical means for quantitatively obtaining the mechanical parameters and grouting diffusion range or other key parameters of fractured surrounding rock. This leads to the classification standard of broken surrounding and rock bolt-grouting control mechanism are not clear, and the target designing of bolt-grouting specifically and quantitative evaluation of controlling effect are impossible.. This project is to take the typical deep mine in Juye mining area as the engineering background, building engineering geological model in typical roadway, and studying the response mechanism between the drilling parameters and rock mechanical parameters. The two relationship model are established: drilling parameters vs. uniaxial compression strength model (DP-UCS model), and drilling parameters vs. cohesion and internal friction angle model (DP-cφ model). Rapid classification method of digital drilling in fractured rock mass based on equivalent UCS is formed. Field contrast test of bolt-grouting and digital drilling test of surrounding rock are carried out systematically. Distribution laws of mechanical parameter of bolt-grouting surrounding rock and slurry diffusion are clear, and the control mechanism of bolt-grouting in broken surrounding rock is revealed. Design method of complete control by stages for broken rock mass is built and the methods of bolt-grouting reinforcement with drilling detection and evaluation are proposed, to form control system of broken surrounding rock in deep roadway. The research results of this project will provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for solving the control problem of broken surrounding rock in deep roadway.

深部巷道破碎围岩变形剧烈，控制困难。以锚注为核心的支护技术成为解决该类巷道控制难题的主要途径。由于目前缺乏定量获取破碎围岩力学参数及浆液扩散范围等锚注参数的技术手段，导致破碎围岩分类标准和锚注控制机理不明确，无法进行针对性的锚注设计与控制效果的定量评价。. 本项目拟以巨野矿区深部矿井为工程背景，构建典型巷道工程地质模型，研究随钻参数与岩石力学参数响应机制，建立随钻参数与单轴抗压强度关系模型（DP-UCS模型）以及与粘聚力、内摩擦角关系模型（DP-cφ模型），形成基于等效UCS的破碎岩体数字钻探快速分类方法。系统开展现场锚注对比试验与围岩数字钻探测试，明确锚注围岩力学参数分布规律和浆液扩散规律，揭示破碎围岩锚注控制机理。建立破碎岩体分阶段完整控制设计方法，提出锚注加固随钻检测与评价方法，形成深部巷道破碎围岩控制体系。项目研究成果将为解决深部巷道围岩控制难题提供理论依据与技术指导。

本项目以深部矿井为工程背景，采用理论分析、室内试验和现场试验等相结合的研究方法，对基于数字钻探测试技术的深部巷道破碎围岩锚注控制机理进行了系统研究。建立了岩石力学参数随钻反演模型，利用自主研发的多功能岩体数字钻进试验系统（室内TRD系统），开展了完整岩石与分层岩体的数字钻进试验，分析了解析钻头随钻参数对岩石力学参数和岩体结构特征的响应规律。在此基础上，开展了注浆前后不同破碎程度、不同注浆参数条件下的岩体数字钻探及力学性能试验，明确了注浆前后破碎岩体等效强度提高规律，建立了岩体破碎程度评价指标—破碎系数，构建了基于随钻参数的破碎岩体等效强度反演模型。. 研发了与室内TRD系统和岩石参数随钻反演模型相匹配的围岩数字钻进原位测试系统（现场SDT系统），开展了不同组合分层岩体的室内钻进试验，验证了现场SDT系统的性能以及与室内TRD系统间的匹配程度，并证明了利用现场SDT系统进行围岩参数实时获取与锚注效果定量评价的有效性。在此基础上，建立了巷道围岩力学参数随钻测试与分区方法、巷道围岩结构特征随钻测试方法、巷道围岩锚注效果随钻评价方法，为基于数字钻进的巷道围岩原位测试与评价提供了方法支撑。. 开展了巷道围岩数字钻进原位测试与现场锚注对比试验，得到了破碎岩体等效强度参数、围岩破碎范围与等效强度分区，明确了锚注围岩力学参数分布和强度提高规律，实现了围岩力学参数、结构特征与注浆效果的随钻原位测试评价。在此基础上，建立了深部巷道围岩分阶段完整控制设计方法，并开展了现场试验，进行了围岩应力变形、支护构件受力等现场监测，形成了深部巷道破碎围岩控制体系。项目研究成果可为解决深部巷道破碎围岩控制难题提供理论与技术支撑。