Dysplastic neurons (DNs) are the major epileptic cells in malformation of cortical dysplasia (MCD), which is well recognized as an important cause of pediatric intractable epilepsy. However, the molecular mechanisms on the hyperexcitability of DNs remain obscure. Pannexin 1 (Px1) has been reported as a large pore channel, characteristically expressed on the pyramidal neurons and excitatory postsynaptic membrane in CNS, and might participate in the epilepsy. In our pre-experiments, we found that Px1 was up-regulated in the epileptic foci of MCD and characteristically expressed on DNs. Therefore, we speculate that Px1 may play important roles in the processes that DNs initiate the epileptic activity in MCD. To confirm our supposes, we will investigate: ① the expression and cellular distribution of Px1 in MCD, ②the effects of Px 1 on the electrical activity, material exchange and excitatory synaptic transmission of DNs, ③the effects of Px1 on the seizure events of experimental MCD models, based on the clinical specimens and Px1 knockout experimental MCD models by morphological, molecular biological, electrophysiological and some other methods in vivo and in vitro. The potential role and mechanism of Px1 on DNs in the excitatory neural circulation will be expected to be elucidated, which may support us a new drug target on the intractable epilepsy of MCD.
皮质发育障碍(MCD)是儿童难治性癫痫的重要病因,病灶内异构神经元是主要致痫细胞,但其高兴奋性分子机制不清。研究发现pannexin 1(Px1)是中枢神经系统中特征性表达于锥体神经元及兴奋性突触后膜的一种大孔径通道蛋白,可能与癫痫发生密切相关。我们预实验结果发现:Px1在MCD中表达上调,且特征性地表达于异构神经元上。鉴于此,我们推测"Px1参与MCD内异构神经元致痫过程",拟以MCD临床标本和Px1基因敲除的MCD动物模型为研究对象,综合应用形态学、分子生物学、神经电生理学等方法,在体、离体水平研究:①Px1蛋白在MCD中的表达及细胞学分布特点;②Px1通道对MCD内异构神经元电活动、兴奋性突触传递、细胞内外物质交换的影响;③Px1通道对MCD动物模型癫痫发作的影响。以期阐明异构神经元通过Px1调控MCD神经环路兴奋性的作用机制,为MCD所致难治性癫痫治疗提供可能的药物新靶点。
局灶性发育障碍(FCD)是儿童难治性癫痫的重要病因,病灶内异构神经元是主要致痫细胞,但其高兴奋性分子机制不清。研究发现pannexin 1(Panx1)是中枢神经系统中特征性表达于锥体神经元及兴奋性突触后膜的一种大孔径通道蛋白,可能与癫痫发生密切相关。.我们研究发现:.1、.Panx1在mRNA和蛋白表达水平在各型局灶性皮质发育障碍FCDIa,FCDIIa,FCDIIb病灶皮层中表达较对照正常皮层显著上调,且特征性地表达在FCD病灶中的异形细胞上,包括柱状神经元结构、异形神经元、气球样细胞。进一步免疫双标研究发现,Panx1主要与谷氨酸能异形神经元共标,偶见与γ氨基丁酸能神经元共标。相关性分析显示,Panx1蛋白表达水平与FCD患者癫痫发作频率呈正相关。提示Panx1可能通过调节神经环路“兴奋-抑制”平衡在FCD癫痫发生中发挥重要作用。.2、.P2X7受体(P2X7R)是Panx1下游重要的功能性偶联受体,其mRNA和蛋白表达水平在FCDIa,FCDIIa和FCDIIb病灶中表达显著上调,且特征性地表达在FCD病灶中的异构神经元及胶质细胞上。激活的P2X7R可能通过诱导下游白介素-1β(interleukin-1β)的表达,促进FCD癫痫发生。.3、.Panx家族另外一个分子亚型——Panx2,仅仅在FCDIIb型病灶中异常高表达,且特征性地表达在BCs上。进一步免疫双标研究发现,Panx2与干细胞标志物SOX2在BCs上共定位,且与神经元分化转录因子MASH1共标,但不与幼稚胶质细胞标志物vimentin共标,提示其参与BCs的分化。.4、.利用Panx1LoxP/LoxP小鼠与Nestin-Cre小鼠杂交,构建中枢神经系统特异性Panx1敲除小鼠(N-Cre; Panx1LoxP/LoxP),并建立皮层冰冻损伤FCD动物模型。.5、.利用青霉素点燃发作FCD模型,在体脑电记录显示敲除Panx1、特异性阻断Panx1可显著降低小鼠癫痫发作频率及持续时间。.6、.与Panx1类似的非选择性离子通道TRPC1也发现高表达于FCDIa,FCDIIa,FCDIIb病灶皮层中,且特征性地表达在病灶中的柱状神经元结构、异形神经元、气球样细胞。免疫双标研究发现,Panx1与谷氨酸能异形神经元及γ氨基丁酸能神经元共标。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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