Phospholipase is the key enzyme to catalyze the first step of membrane phospholipid hydrolysis. The phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase D (PLD) catalysis plays an important role in membrane degradation and aging deterioration of postharvest fruits. On the basis of proposer’s finding that PLD is closely related to banana senescence and deterioration induced by postharvest disease, this project is to clone the full length cDNA of PLD family from banana fruit, study the special expression of PLD family member under banana anthracnose infection, explore the response relationship between PLD family members and banana anthracnose stress, as well as ascertain the key PLD family member in response to banana anthracnose stress. Furthermore, the relationship between PLD expression level and fruit aging deterioration induced by banana anthracnose is to be analyzed. The research result will provide an important reference for clarifying the relationship between the differential expression of PLD genes and the aging deterioration induced by anthracnose in postharvest banana fruit. It is also a foundation for the further study on postponing banana aging deterioration induced by postharvest disease through regulating the special expression of PLD gene.
磷脂酶是催化细胞膜磷脂水解的第一步的关键酶,磷脂酶D(PLD)参与的磷脂水解在水果采后细胞膜降解、果实衰老劣变过程中起重要作用。本项目在申请人初步确定催化膜脂降解的关键酶磷脂酶D与香蕉采后病害诱导的衰老劣变密切相关的基础上,从香蕉果实PLD基因家族全长cDNA克隆着手,深入研究在炭疽病胁迫下采后香蕉果实PLD基因的特异性表达,明确该基因家族各成员与香蕉果实在炭疽病胁迫下的应答关系,确定响应炭疽病胁迫的关键PLD基因家族成员,同时进一步分析PLD表达水平与炭疽病诱导的香蕉衰老劣变的关系。本项研究预期成果可为阐明采后炭疽病胁迫下香蕉磷脂酶D基因差异表达与衰老劣变的关系提供重要依据,并为进一步研究通过调控PLD基因的特异性表达来延缓香蕉采后因病害诱导的衰老劣变奠定基础。
磷脂酶是催化细胞膜磷脂水解的第一步的关键酶,磷脂酶D(PLD)参与的磷脂水解在水果采后细胞膜降解、果实衰老劣变过程中起重要作用。本项目在确定催化膜脂降解关键酶磷脂酶D与香蕉采后病害诱导的衰老劣变密切相关的基础上,克隆了香蕉PLD家族基因4个(PLDγ、PLDα1、PLDα2、PLDζ,登录NCBI,GenBank号分别为:MK516209、MK516210、MK516211、MK516212),通过比对发现香蕉PLD家族序列中均含有2个H×K××××D基序(HKD1、HKD2),这两个HKD结构域在PLD的酶活性中起关键作用。“IYIENQYF”序列存在于PLDα1、PLDα2、PLDγ家族成员中,但PLDζ中不存在该序列,推测该序列能增加磷脂酶D催化速率并确保底物特异性。PLD家族的活性位点扩展到H×K×××D××××××GS×N。项目进一步深入研究了炭疽病胁迫下采后香蕉果实PLD基因的特异性表达,明确该基因家族各成员与香蕉果实在炭疽病胁迫下的应答关系。结果表明,随着贮藏时间的增长,PLDα1表达量呈先下降后上升的趋势,在第8天达最低值,炭疽病侵染后香蕉PLDα1表达量下降速度较快,降低了0.7-1.41倍;PLDζ表达量与对照组相比不断增加,在第6天时达最高值,在第8天时增加了1.48倍;PLDγ表达呈现不断升高的趋势,在第10天和12天时,其表达量分别是对照组的1.67倍和1.24倍;与之相反,炭疽病胁迫下香蕉PLDα2的表达量不断下降,显著低于对照组(2.89倍),说明PLDα2基因对炭疽病胁迫呈现负调控作用。研究结果证明了PLD参与采后香蕉炭疽病胁迫过程,不同家族成员呈现不同的作用,PLDα2表达在细胞膜系统劣变中起主导作用。通过分析PLD表达水平与炭疽病诱导的香蕉衰老劣变的关系发现,当病原菌侵染时,会激活香蕉PLD,使其活性发生变化,并参与到抵御病原侵染的超敏反应过程中,促进相关保护酶活性的升高。同时,PLD活性的增强进一步产生Ca2+、PA等第二信使诱导膜脂过氧化反应,促进活性氧的积累从而破坏膜脂的稳定性,加速果实劣变。本研究为阐明采后炭疽病胁迫下PLD差异表达与衰老劣变的关系提供支撑,阐明通过调节PLD活性和PLD基因表达可以降低香蕉贮藏期间的品质劣变速率,延缓其采后因病害诱导的衰老劣变。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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