细胞骨架构型力学性能研究及其微纳控制

Cell mechanics is crucial to the regular life of cells. Scientists have been trying to understand and control biological cells for hundreds of years. As the primary component, we should pay attention to the cytoskeleton when we study the cell mechanics. This project attempts to analyze the rules of the cytoskeleton polymerization and assembly, and control the cytoskeleton regulation with nanotechnology. Firstly, we will build the mathematical model of the actin protein to model their physiological and mechanical behaviors. Secondly, the concentration of some related proteins, temperature, pH are studied with the cell mechanical model. It tells the differences in various cytoskeletal regulations. Finally, the extraction of Xenopus laevis egg is tested to verify our model. With nanotechnology, the nanowires with specified organizations are used to inject the chosen proteins into the specified regions in the extractions. These proteins can guide the cytoskeleton to form certain regulations, and change the mechanical properties of cells at the sub-cellular scale. The results of the project should expand the understanding and the control of the cytoskeleton and the cellular mechanics. It should also expand the use of mechanical techniques in both theoretical and experimental biology science.

细胞力学性质对于细胞正常生理活动至关重要。认知细胞、控制细胞是科学界上百年来的追求。本项目拟对细胞力学性能的主要载体——细胞骨架的生长规律进行分析，通过微纳技术完成细胞骨架不同的空间分布，实现人类对细胞力学性能在亚细胞层面的控制。首先建立细胞骨架组装蛋白及其生理行为、力学特性数学模型，探究细胞骨架生长、组装机理。其次基于该模型，探讨蛋白浓度、温度、pH值等因素对细胞骨架生长的影响，分析不同构型细胞骨架对应的细胞力学性质。最后，在理论研究基础上，建立微纳操作实验系统，进行蟾蜍卵细胞实验。采用具有特定分布的纳米线作为介入物质，将诱导分子引入确定的区域，形成不同构型的细胞骨架分布，实现对细胞力学性质在亚细胞层面上定向定量改变与构造，验证和完善细胞力学模型。项目面向学科交叉前沿，其成果将极大地促进人们对细胞骨架以及细胞力学性能的理解，并拓展机械力学技术在生命科学领域的应用。

细胞力学性质对于细胞正常生理活动至关重要。认知细胞、控制细胞是科学界上百年来的追求。本项目对细胞力学性能的主要载体——细胞骨架的力学行为及生长规律进行分析。首先建立细胞骨架组装蛋白及其生理行为、力学特性数学模型，探究细胞骨架生长、组装机理。其次基于该模型，探讨蛋白浓度、温度、pH值等因素对细胞骨架生长的影响，分析不同构型细胞骨架对应的细胞力学性质。最后，在理论研究基础上，建立微纳操作实验系统，进行细胞实验。采用显微注射针对细胞骨架的力学行为进行分析，对注射针粗细，注射角度，注射速度等开展系统研究，验证和完善细胞骨架力学模型并对其进行控制。