除草剂胁迫下油菜生长生理与根系形态变化机理和无损检测方法研究

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important grain and oil crops. The control of weed is the key restrictive factors of rapeseed high efficient and safe production, and the significant content of the digitalization, precision production and management. The mechanism study and safety evaluation of the herbicide with high control weed performance are the key issues, which has an important scientific and research value. Based on the mainline of proving the dynamic response rules of oilseed rape growing information under herbicide stress, we combine two research routines by the overground canopy-leaf stress response and underground root morphology and tip stress response. The dynamic inverse rules, detection methods and models will be developed for the canopy feature index (macro scale) and leaf physiological information (micro scale) using spectral and machine vision technology. The discrimination methods and models will be developed for the root morphology reconstruction (macro scale) and root-tip structure recognition (micro scale) using magnetic resonance imaging and microscopy imaging technology. The relationship between the canopy-leaf response and root morphology-tip construction response will also be studied. This study will realize the dynamic monitoring of growing information and root morphology-structure response under herbicide stress, and is quite helpful to prove the function mechanism,metabolic rules and safety evaluation of oilseed rape with herbicide-stress.

油菜是我国主要的粮油作物，油菜田杂草防治是制约油菜高效安全生产的关键因素，也是油菜数字化、精细化生产和管理的重要内容。除草剂在高效除草的同时，其作用机理和安全性评价的研究已成为重点研究方向，具有重要的科学意义和研究价值。本研究以探明除草剂胁迫下油菜生命信息动态响应规律为主线，将油菜植株的地上冠层-叶片信息和地下根系-根尖形态结构的胁迫响应特性两条路径相结合，应用光谱和机器视觉技术研究油菜地上区域冠层特征指数（宏观尺度）和叶片生理信息（微观尺度）的动态反演规律、无损检测方法和模型，应用核磁共振成像和显微成像技术研究油菜地下区域根系形态重构（宏观尺度）和根尖结构判别（微观尺度）的方法和模型，并建立油菜冠层-叶片信息与根系形态结构的相互关系，以实现除草剂胁迫下油菜生长生理和根系形态变化的动态监测和高效安全生产，对探明除草剂的作用机理、代谢规律和安全性评价具有重要意义。

油菜生长过程信息快速准确获取是油菜高效安全生产和油菜精准生产管理的重要内容。本项目探索了油菜除草剂胁迫与油菜养分/生理指标变化动态响应规律，研究建立了油菜叶片冠层特征指数、叶片生理信息和根系形态重构的方法和模型研究。主要成果包括探明了油菜在除草剂胁迫下生理响应特性和变化规律，应用可见/近红外光谱、近红外光谱和高光谱成像技术，建立了油菜养分植被指数等多个特征指标、乙酰乳酸合成酶、氨基酸、可溶性蛋白、抗氧化指标等生理信息的定量关系分析模型；应用核磁共振成像和显微成像技术建立了作物根系三维形态和微观结构的重构模型，搭建了根系重构数据处理系统、作物生长信息获取与综合分析处理系统平台，为作物除草剂胁迫机理研究提供了方法和技术支撑，对探明除草剂的作用机理、代谢规律和安全性评价具有重要意义。项目执行期间发表论文11篇，其中SCI收录论文9篇，EI收录论文1篇；申请国家发明专利3项，授权实用新型专利2项，软件著作权登记1项。