彩色成像星敏感器技术研究

As a kind of high-precise attitude measurement device, star sensors are widely used in both orbiting and interplanetary spacecraft. Satellite miniaturization and attitude control system autonomy put forward higher requirements on the performance of star tracker. In order to improve the attitude measurement accuracy and reliability, this project focuses on the basic theory and key technology of color star sensor. This paper proposes a calibration method based on the integrated modeling of internal and external parameters. The translation, rotation and scaling errors between multi-spectral images caused by multi-chip imaging are compensated to ensure the accuracy of multi-spectral image fusion algorithm. A high precision star centroid localization and metering algorithm based on multi - spectral image fusion is proposed. By compensating the color deviation of the optical system and enhancing the image resolution, the accuracy of the star centroid is improved and the measurement accuracy of the star sensor is ensured. A star identification algorithm based on multi - spectral information and parallel computing is proposed to improve the reliability and real - time performance of star sensor. Through the research of this project, it provides a novel way to improve the accuracy and reliability of the attitude measurement of the star sensor, which can meet the high precision and reliability requirements of the development of spacecraft attitude measurement and control technology.

星敏感器是目前各类卫星上使用最广泛的一类光学姿态敏感器，卫星轻小型化以及其姿轨控系统自主化的发展方向，都对星敏感器的性能提出了更高的要求。针对姿态测量精度和可靠性的提高，本项目围绕彩色成像星敏感器基础理论和关键技术展开系统深入的研究。提出基于内外参数统一建模的标定方法，对多芯片成像导致的多光谱图像之间的平移、旋转和缩放误差进行补偿，保证多光谱图像融合算法的精度；提出基于多光谱图像融合的高精度星点定位和测光算法，通过补偿光学系统的色偏差，增强图像分辨率，提高了星点定位精度，进而保证了星敏感器的测量精度；提出基于多光谱信息和并行计算的星图识别方法，提高星敏感器工作可靠性和实时性。通过本项目研究，为提高星敏感器的姿态测量精度和可靠性提供了一种全新的解决途径，满足航天器姿态测量控制技术发展的高精度和可靠化要求。

星敏感器是目前各类卫星上使用最广泛的一类光学姿态敏感器，卫星轻小型化以及其姿轨控系统自主化的发展方向，都对星敏感器的性能提出了更高的要求。针对姿态测量精度和可靠性的提高，本项目围绕彩色成像星敏感器基础理论和关键技术展开系统深入的研究。提出基于内外参数统一建模的标定方法，对多芯片成像导致的多光谱图像之间的平移、旋转和缩放误差进行补偿，保证多光谱图像融合算法的精度；提出基于多光谱图像融合的高精度星点定位和测光算法，通过补偿光学系统的色偏差，增强图像分辨率，提高了星点定位精度，进而保证了星敏感器的测量精度；提出基于多光谱信息和并行计算的星图识别方法，提高星敏感器工作可靠性和实时性。通过本项目研究，为提高星敏感器的姿态测量精度和可靠性提供了一种全新的解决途径，满足航天器姿态测量控制技术发展的高精度和可靠化要求。