爆破开挖扰动下柱状节理玄武岩的损伤机制

This project focuses on the disturbance of blasting excavation to columnar jointing basalts in large-scale hydropower projects. The damage mechanism of columnar jointing basalts under blasting excavation disturbance will be studied by adopting theoretical analyses, numerical simulations, in-situ tests and engineering geology investigations. Firstly，by analyzing the characteristics of blasting excavation disturbance load in columnar jointing basalts, the amplitude and frequency variation of excavation disturbance during its propagation through space and time will be revealed. Then the time-space evolution of the stress field adjustment in columnar jointing basalts will be studied，and the stress field disturbance mechanism of transient unloading of excavation load in columnar jointing basalts through space and time will be clarified. Finally，the damage mechanism of columnar jointing basalts under excavation disturbance load will be studied，and the dynamic damage model of columnar jointing basalts under the coupling of blasting load and excavation load will be establish，the damage criterion of columnar jointing basalts under excavation load will be proposed.Results of this project will provide theoretical basis and analytical model for the deformation analysis and the stability control of columnar jointing basalts under blasting excavation disturbance，and have a wide application in construction fields of large-scale hydropower projects, traffic projects and so on.

本项目以大型水利水电工程爆破开挖对柱状节理玄武岩的扰动为研究主线，采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场试验与工程地质调研相结合的研究方法，研究爆破开挖扰动下柱状节理玄武岩的损伤机制。通过分析柱状节理玄武岩中爆破开挖扰动荷载特性，揭示开挖扰动的幅值、频率在岩体中随时间及空间变化的传播规律；研究柱状节理玄武岩岩体应力场瞬态调整的时空演化过程，阐明开挖荷载瞬态卸荷对柱状节理玄武岩应力场时空分布的扰动机制；研究开挖扰动荷载作用下柱状节理玄武岩的损伤机制，建立爆破荷载与开挖荷载瞬态卸荷耦合作用下柱状节理玄武岩的动态损伤模型，提出爆破开挖扰动下柱状节理玄武岩的损伤判据。研究成果可为爆破开挖扰动下柱状节理玄武岩的变形分析和稳定控制提供理论依据和分析模型，在我国大型水利水电工程建设、交通工程建设等领域具有广阔的工程应用前景。

本项目以西南高山峡谷地区大型水电工程建设为背景，针对坝基、边坡及洞室柱状节理玄武岩岩体爆破开挖，研究了柱状节理玄武岩中爆破开挖扰动荷载特性，分析了开挖扰动荷载作用下柱状节理玄武岩的损伤开裂机制，揭示了开挖扰动荷载在岩体中的传播规律以及柱状节理玄武岩岩体应力场瞬态调整的过程，建立了爆炸荷载与开挖荷载瞬态卸荷耦合作用下柱状节理玄武岩的开裂分析模型，提出了爆破开挖扰动下柱状节理玄武岩的损伤判据以及开挖损伤区岩体参数的预测方法。研究成果可为爆破开挖扰动下柱状节理玄武岩的变形分析和稳定控制提供理论依据和分析模型，在我国大型水利水电工程建设、交通工程建设等领域具有广阔的工程应用前景。结合项目研究，发表论文14篇，其中SCI收录5篇，EI收录3篇，授权发明专利2项，培养硕士研究生7人。