实施再制造的替代产品供应链的优化和博弈问题研究

Along with the rapid development of science and technology, demand substitution of products has become increasingly prominent, and market competition has become gradually intensive. Competition includes not only the horizontal competition and vertical competition between firms of supply chain of substitutable products, but also the chain-to-chain competition between different supply chains of substitutable products. Moreover, by implementing remanufacturing, companies can increase their profits, strengthen their competing abilities, and construct the resource-economized and environment-friendly society. More and more companies with substitutable products have implemented remanufacturing in decision-making processes concerning the design and development of their supply chains. The implementation of remanufacturing will bring many new characteristics and difficulties in managing supply chain of substitutable products, which need to solve urgently. However, from the existing research results, the new problems considering the supply chains of substitutable products with remanufacturing have not been discovered and researched, especially the optimization and game problems of supply chains of substitutable products with remanufacturing have not yet been studied by considering the channel structure and the channel power structure. The purpose of our project is to study the optimization and game problems of supply chains of substitutable products with remanufacturing by considering the channel structure and channel power structure and by using uncertainty theory, game theory, optimization theory and so on, which might set up a new field, might provide a theoretical basis for future work, and might provide some theoretical support and substantial methods for decision-making.

科技和经济的快速发展，使得产品之间的需求替代日益凸显，竞争空前加剧。竞争不仅表现在同一替代产品供应链节点企业间的水平竞争和垂直竞争，还表现在不同替代产品供应链间的链与链竞争。另外，废旧产品再制造既有助于提高企业利润，增强企业竞争力，也有助于构建资源节约和环境友好型社会。越来越多的替代产品生产企业将废旧产品再制造纳入自身发展的战略体系，再制造生产的引入为替代产品供应链的研究带来新的特点和难点，急需去解决，但从目前已有研究来看，这方面的新问题尚未被人们发掘和研究。特别是考虑渠道结构和渠道权力结构的实施再制造的替代产品供应链的优化和博弈问题的研究还未出现。本课题拟基于不确定理论、博弈理论和最优化理论等，研究不同渠道结构和不同渠道权力结构下实施再制造的替代产品供应链的优化和博弈问题，以期开辟这方面研究的新领域，奠定其理论基础，为实施再制造的替代产品生产企业的生产/销售等决策提供理论依据和实用方法。

基于实施再制造的替代产品供应链的研究背景，本项目从不确定理论、博弈理论和最优化理论角度，通过考虑渠道结构的不同和渠道权力结构的不同，研究了替代产品闭环供应链的优化和博弈问题，主要研究工作和成果如下：. 首先，对双寡头制造商-公共零售商供应链结构进行了分析，研究了渠道成员不同的博弈形式及替代产品替代程度对替代产品定价策略和企业利润的影响；研究了制造成本和产品需求模糊不确定环境下制造商和零售商之间渠道权力的不同对替代产品定价和企业利润的影响；研究了当其中一个制造商实施再制造生产方式时，渠道成员的最优定价、制造与再制造最优决策问题。. 其次，考虑了制造商的制造和再制造成本，零售商的产品需求和回收规模信息对称和不对称条件下的定价和回收率决策问题；考虑再制造供应链的制造/再制造过程、回收过程以及新产品需求过程中的不确定性因素，分析了制造/再制造商与零售商的最优决策，给出了分散式供应链的协调策略；研究了双寡头竞争下闭环供应链中的技术许可决策及它对闭环供应链成员的生产和回收决策的影响；研究了零售商负责回收、制造商开辟网络渠道的双渠道闭环供应链的定价与博弈问题；研究了零售商进行再制造的闭环供应链，零售商的回收渠道选择问题。在以上工作的基础上，我们又考虑并完成了实施再制造的两个分散式替代产品供应链的优化和博弈问题研究，并获得了一些好的理论研究结果和管理启示。. 最后，我们还研究了当产品需求函数依赖于服务等非价格因素时的单产品和替代产品供应链的相关优化与博弈问题，互补产品供应链以及双渠道供应链的优化与博弈等相关问题，这些问题的研究对本项目所涉内容的解决也起到了很好的参考和借鉴作用。. 开展本课题研究三年来，共完成学术论文21篇，硕士学位论文5篇。在学术期刊上发表论文16篇，其中11篇为SSCI/SCI索引论文。