基于产品碳足迹的再制造供应链差别定价决策研究

Greenhouse gas emission is the main reason for global warming while carbon emission reduction in industry is the key to control climate change . Since remanufacture has great potential on energy saving and carbon emission reduction and notable economic benefits, the differential pricing problems are proposed in the remanufacture supply chains considering the effect of product carbon footprint. Firstly, through the comparison on carbon footprint between new products and remanufactured products, and the analysis on the relations between carbon emission reduction investment, carbon emission reduction reward and penalty and carbon emission reduction quantity, the relation models are formulated between carbon emission reduction investment, carbon emission reduction reward and penalty and product carbon footprint; Secondly, due to the change of the main body on remanufacturing, the differential pricing decision models based on product carbon footprint are formulated in the remanufacture supply chains without the consideration of competition, and then extended to the case with the consideration of competition, and the rationality of models and the feasibility of solution procedures are verified by the applied research. Finally, the applicability of related results are discussed by a case study, and then the related policy suggestions for enterprises and governments are given on differential pricing, carbon emission reduction investment, carbon emission reduction reward and penalty, and recycling and remanufacturing subsidy.

温室气体排放是导致全球变暖最主要的原因，而工业领域的碳减排是控制气候变化的关键。鉴于再制造具有巨大的节能减排潜力和显著的经济效益，同时其发展严重受制于消费者的认知，本项目针对消费者购买再制造品意愿比新品明显偏低以及我国统一碳交易市场即将建立的情境，提出了考虑产品碳足迹影响的再制造供应链差别定价问题。首先，拟通过新品与再制品碳足迹的比较以及碳减排投资、碳减排奖惩与碳排放量之间关系的分析，建立与碳减排投资、碳减排奖惩与产品碳足迹之间的关系模型；其次，考虑再制造主体的变化，建立基于产品碳足迹不存在竞争关系的再制造供应链差别定价决策模型，然后将其拓展到存在竞争关系的情形，并通过应用研究验证模型的合理性和算法的可行性。最后，通过案例研究探讨相关结论的适用性，在此基础上向企业和政府提出有关产品差别定价、碳减排投资、碳减排奖惩与回收再制造补贴等政策建议。

温室气体排放是导致全球变暖最主要的原因，而工业领域的碳减排是控制气候变化的关键。鉴于再制造具有巨大的节能减排潜力和显著的经济效益，同时其发展严重受制于消费者的认知，针对消费者购买再制造品意愿比新品明显偏低以及我国建立统一碳交易市场的实际，本项目对基于产品碳足迹的再制造供应链差别定价问题进行研究。首先，以机床为研究对象，对其新品与再制品碳排放进行比较研究。其次，基于再制造品碳排放较新品低的研究结论，考虑再制造主体的变化，建立基于产品碳足迹不存在竞争关系的再制造供应链差别定价决策模型，这里考虑了销售渠道、产品质量升级、企业碳减排投资和政府补贴的影响，通过逆向求解法，得到不同参与主体最优的减排和定价策略。接着，将不存在竞争关系的情形拓展到存在竞争关系的情形。考虑产品可拆卸性、企业碳减排投资和政府补贴等因素的影响，对零售商和第三方再制造商分别进行产品再制造的情形进行研究，得到不同参与主体最优减排和定价决策。最后，通过算例对上述模型的研究结论进行验证和讨论，对不同情形的决策结果进行比较，并就不同因素对参与主体决策和收益的影响进行分析。同时，根据研究结论向企业和政府提出了有关产品差别定价、碳减排投资、产品可拆卸性设计、质量升级与再制造补贴等政策建议。总之，在本项目执行过程中，项目组通过加强与国内外学者的联系和交流，取得了一些有意义的研究结论和管理启示，培养了多名硕士，提高了研究人员的研究能力和水平。