More than 350 million people are undergone major depressive disorder each year over the worldwide. However, conventional antidepressants have a low efficacy and a delayed onset of action.Thus, these have encouraged the search for new fast-act and long-lasting antidepressants. Recently, more data shows that endocannabinoid plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression. After report of dysfunction of CB1R in depressive model (J PSYCHIATR RES, 2014) and the rapid antidepressant action of 2-AG on acute stress-exposed mice via glutamatergic synaptic long-term depression (LTD) (MOL PSYCHIATR,2016) , we recently found that JZL184 (MAGL inhibitor) can rapidly reverse the depressive behaviors (sucrose preference and immobility time in forced swimming test) in chronic depressive models. And mounting evidence shows the impaired DSI signaling in depressive model and JZL184 can produce rapid neuroplasticity by DSI, which is also verified by our data. So we hypothesize that the rapid antidepressant effect of JZL184 maybe induced by DSI action. The aim of current project is to explore the rapid antidepressant action of 2-AG and the possible underlying mechanisms by neuropharmacological and electrophysiological techniques as well as the transgenic animal models. The findings of current research will facilitate the understanding of depression and provide a new target for the development of new rapid antidepressants.
抑郁症侵蚀全球3.5亿人,传统药物起效慢,治愈率低。探讨抑郁症发病机制挖掘快速高效新靶点成为研究重点。我们前期研究发现抑郁模型CB1R功能失衡 (J PSYCHIATR RES, 2014), 2-AG通过海马特异性LTD改善急性抑郁样行为(MOL PSYCHIATR,2016)后。新近发现:2-AG水解酶抑制剂JZL184快速缓解小鼠慢性抑郁行为,而GABA-AR激动剂可阻断其作用。已知抑郁模型去极化诱导的去抑制(DSI)效应减弱,JZL184诱导DSI对突触可塑性进行快速调节。那么,内源性大麻素2-AG是否通过DSI效应迅速调节突触可塑性产生快速抗抑郁作用呢?为验证该假说,本研究以细胞特异性CB1R基因敲除小鼠为平台,运用电生理、分子生物学及行为学等技术,系统分析2-AG快速抗抑郁作用并深入挖掘其机制。本研究的完成可进一步诠释抑郁症发病机制,也为临床快速抗抑郁药物研发提供可能的新靶点。
传统抗抑郁药物起效慢,治愈率低。探讨抑郁症发病机制挖掘快速高效新靶点一直是精神病学领域研究的重点。在本研究中,我们结合文献检索以及前期研究发现,从不同层面对抑郁症的发病机制和治疗策略进行了探讨。我们通过强迫游泳、皮质酮摄入分别建立急慢性抑郁模型,观察内源性大麻素在其抑郁样行为的作用;探讨了物理干预对抑郁样行为及内源性大麻素的影响;观察了异氟醚对急性应激模型内源性大麻素及行为学指标的调节作用;通过慢性不可预见性温和刺激筛选难治性抑郁小鼠,观察布洛芬的辅助抗抑郁作用,提高了抗抑郁治疗的效果;并回顾性分析了抑郁症遗传的性别差异;探索了临床常用治疗物理治疗抗抑郁治疗的作用机制,优化了治疗方案,提高了治疗效果。主要结果如下:1. PF3845增加AEA表达水平,作用与胶质细胞CB1R,诱导LTD发挥抗抑郁样作用。而通过慢性皮质酮诱导抑郁模型中为观察到PF3845的抗抑郁作用,也从侧面进一步说明急性应激和慢性抑郁的作用机制可能不同;2. FAAH抑制剂能够通过海马谷氨酸能CA3-CA1突触的LTD产生抗抑郁作用;3.异氟醚通过海马内源性大麻素2-AG干预创伤后应激障碍模型大鼠的恐惧记忆的形成;4. 布洛芬辅助治疗下调氟西汀疗效不佳抑郁小鼠海马IL-1β、PGE2水平,改善其行为学指标;5. 抑郁症患者的性别与抑郁父母的性别存在显著的交互作用。与其他后代相比,抑郁母亲的女儿患病风险最高;6. tDCS逆转了急性应激诱导的焦虑样行为。而通过拮抗剂或者基因敲除的手段抑制CB1R的功能则减弱了tDCS的抗焦虑作用。本研究的完成进一步诠释抑郁症发病机制,也为临床快速抗抑郁药物研发提供可能的新靶点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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