共享电动汽车服务优化与供应链协同发展研究

Electric vehicle (EV) sharing service can enhance the utilization rate of vehicles, relieve the pressure on the city’s scarce resources including road and parking places, and reduce the carbon emissions which is helpful for improving the environment. Hence the EV-sharing service is developing very fast. This project focuses on the EV-sharing service. Based on the characteristics of EV-sharing, such as the lack of demand information, long charging time, short driving range, competing technologies, unstable supply chain partnership, frequent policy intervention and so on, the research project attempts to improve and optimize the decisions on pricing, location, battery-charging, technology adoption, supply chain cooperation and so forth. The project plans to firstly investigate the customers’ demand function and the service provider’s operational costs, and then maximize the service provider’s profit, while considering the benefits of emission abatement. After that, the research perspective is extended to the service supply chain. The goal is to find better cooperation mechanisms between the service provider and the EV manufacturer, the energy provider, the insurance company, for enhanced supply chain efficiency and social welfare. The project also evaluates the impact of government policies in encouraging the EV-sharing service through multi-objective programming, while taking the carbon emissions into consideration.

共享电动汽车服务能够有效提高车辆利用率，缓解城市中道路、停车位等稀缺资源的紧张状态，并且降低碳排放，有利于生态环境改善，因而得到快速发展。本项目以共享电动汽车服务为研究对象，就共享电动汽车的运营中面临的客户需求信息不足，充电时间长、续航里程短，技术尚未定型，供应链伙伴关系未稳定，受政策影响大等特点，研究定价、服务网点设计、充换电、技术选择、供应链合作方式等关键决策的改进和优化。研究计划在细致考察共享电动汽车服务客户需求和运营成本的基础上，最大化服务运营商的利润，并考虑减排的收益。随后将研究视角由服务运营企业扩展到服务供应链，寻找服务运营商与电动汽车生产商、能源供应商、保险服务商等服务供应链关键成员之间更好的合作方式，提升供应链效率和社会总福利水平。研究还结合共享电动汽车服务在降低排放方面产生的社会效益，运用多目标优化的方法为相关支持鼓励政策的评估提供理论依据。

出行服务电动化已经成为当前城市交通的一个重要趋势。本项目以电动汽车出行服务为研究对象，就服务运营中面临的客户需求信息不明确，充电成本时变，续航里程短、供应链伙伴关系未稳定，受政策影响大等特点，研究定价、服务策略优化、充换电技术选择、供应链合作方式等关键决策的改进和优化。研究在细致考察电动汽车出行服务客户需求和运营成本的基础上，最大化服务运营商的利润，并考虑减排的收益。随后将研究视角由服务运营企业扩展到服务供应链，寻找服务运营商与电动汽车生产商、能源供应商、保险服务商等服务供应链关键成员之间更好的合作方式，提升供应链效率和社会总福利水平。研究还结合电动汽车出行服务在降低排放方面产生的社会效益，运用多目标优化的方法为相关支持鼓励政策的评估提供理论依据。.研究结果表明，客户出行次数比出行距离的可干预范围更大；充电规划存在较大的可优化空间；出行服务收益增长存在可干预的行为因素。出行服务运营平台的定价决策、开放决策、调度决策存在较为复杂的状态相关非线性结构。电动汽车供应链更新换代博弈均衡与折旧系数、竞争程度存在较强的联系。电动车出行服务支持政策的优化须考虑电价、谷电折扣、电池成本、停车资源等多方面因素。