考虑绿色认证的供应链决策优化研究

Recently, green factors have attracted more concerns and are influencing customers' choices. Enterprises are paying more attention on various green certifications from a third party. These green certifications emerge as a new element in supply chains. This project focuses the following four aspects of influences which green certifications bring to the supply chain: customer demand, cost, competition and coorperation, and social benefits. We will incorporate green certifications in to conventional supply chain optimization models, explain the phenomenons which are related to green certifications, and further optimize the production, pricing and certification decisions. We firstly derive the demand functions according to customers' preference on green certificated products, then combine profits and social benefits in the objective for optimization, analyze the impacts of a green certification on the sales, profit, and social benifits, and evaluate the aggregate value of a green certification to a supply chain and the certifications's impact on aspects such as information transfer, competition level and so forth. The results provide support on decisions of whether or not to apply for a green certification and improve the operations after the certification from the enterprises' perspective to increase the profits and coordinate the supply chain. From the government's perspective, in order to enhance the social benefits through green certifications, our research will provide support for policy decisions such as green certification initiative and encouragement methods, compulsory scope and so forth.

近年来，绿色环保等因素日益成为社会关注热点，并影响客户需求。随之出现的各种第三方绿色认证开始为众多企业重视，成为供应链管理中的新元素。本项目抓住绿色认证对客户需求、供应链成本、企业竞争与合作关系、社会效益四方面的影响，将绿色认证整合进传统的供应链优化模型，分析并解释与绿色认证相关的现状，并在此基础上进一步优化企业生产、销售以及认证相关决策。研究首先基于客户对绿色认证产品的偏好得出需求函数，随后整合利润目标与社会效益目标进行优化，分析绿色认证后产品销量、企业利润和社会效益的变化，评估绿色认证对供应链的总体价值以及在信息传递、竞争程度等方面的影响，从企业视角为是否参与绿色认证以及认证后的运营提供决策依据，促进供应链利润提升与协调发展。研究还进一步从政府视角为绿色认证鼓励方式、强制范围等方面的政策决策提供支持，促进供应链整体社会效益的提高。

在过去一年中，本项目团队按计划展开深入的研究工作，主要围绕绿色认证对客户需求、供应链成本、企业竞争与合作关系、社会效益四方面的影响，采用建模分析与仿真实验的方法，结合一定的调研与实验验证，分析了企业的认证、生产、库存、定价等决策优化过程，得出简单易行的运营优化策略，探讨了绿色认证相关各方的博弈及变化规律，解释了部分现状并为相关的政策决策提供一定的支持，取得了较为丰富的研究成果。.项目实施期间，团队共完成学术论文8篇（英文学术论文4篇，中文4篇），其中已发表论文4篇，包括国际学术刊物论文1篇（发表于《Operations Research Letters》）、国内学术刊物论文3篇（包括中国核心学术刊物《系统工程理论与实践》，《运筹与管理》，《吉林大学社会科学学报》）。所发表的文章中有1篇被SCI收录，1篇被EI收录，2篇被CSSCI收录。已经完成的论文还包括1篇英文论文（正处于《International Journal of Production Economics》第2轮审稿过程中），另有三篇工作论文正在修改完善中，即将投出。.在项目进展过程中，项目组成员与国内外院校本领域的专家学者进行了较多的合作与交流，出国访问研究2人次，参加国际会议2人次，接待国外学者访问1次，与美国、英国和香港领先的科研机构建立了合作联系。项目实施过程中吸纳新成员3名（1名教师，2名硕士生），为后续研究建立了良好的基础。.