交通网络视角下公交专用道时空集成设置多目标优化研究

Bus lane, as one of the important measures for promoting bus priority, has been widely used to achieve rapid and reliable public transportation, thereby enhancing the attractiveness of public transportation system and alleviating urban traffic congestion. It is of social significance to effectively perform bus lane reservation in a transportation network to improve positive benefits of bus lanes as well as to reduce their negative impact. This project intends to develop effective theories and methods for multi-objective optimization of bus lane time-space (time and space dimensions) integrated reservation from the perspective of transportation network. This project will firstly propose reasonable evaluation methods for the benefit and negative impact due to bus lanes, then formulate a multi-objective optimization model for the considered problem. After that, the property analysis for the formulated model will be performed. Based on analyzed properties, an improved iterative ε-constraint and cut-and-solve combined multi-objective optimization algorithm will then be developed to obtain the Pareto front. Finally, we will validate and apply the proposed theories and methods by taking the Fuzhou City bus lane time-space integrated reservation case as an example. The research of this project will not only provide an effective solution approach for bus lane time-space integrated reservation and but also contribute to promote the full use of road resources, enhance the quality of residents’ travel, and promote urban economic sustainable development.

公交专用道作为推进“公交优先”的重要措施之一，已被广泛用于实现快速可靠的公交运输以提升公交系统吸引力、缓解城市交通拥堵。在交通网络中有效地进行公交专用道设置，对提升专用道设置的正面效益和减少其负面影响具有重要的社会意义。本项目旨在从交通网络视角对公交专用道时空（时间和空间）集成设置多目标优化问题提出有效的理论与方法。首先，提出合理的公交专用道时空集成设置正面效益和负面影响评估方法，构建交通网络视角下公交专用道时空集成设置多目标优化模型。然后，分析模型的结构特性，提出融合问题特性的迭代ε-约束法和分割求解法相结合的多目标优化算法以获得问题的Pareto前沿。最后，以福州市公交专用道时空集成优化设置为例，对提出的理论与方法进行验证与应用。本项目研究将为交通网络视角下公交专用道时空集成设置提供系统有效的解决方法，为促进道路资源的充分利用、提升居民出行质量及促进城市经济可持续发展发挥积极作用。

作为推行“公交优先”的重要措施，公交专用道已经被广泛用于提升公交服务水平、引导居民公交出行以缓解城市拥堵。在交通网络中优化设置公交专用道对实现快速可靠公交运输具有重要的社会意义。本项目以交通网络视角下城市公交专用道时空集成设置优化问题为研究对象，研究内容包括：i)公交专用道设置正面效益和负面影响评估；ii)公交专用道时空集成设置多目标优化模型；iii)公交专用道时空集成设置多目标优化算法；iv)多目标优化方法验证、评价和应用。希望通过合理的专用道时间和空间设置使得城市公交系统更加快速、准时、可靠，在优化专用道对公交系统的正面效益的同时，尽可能减少专用道对非公交车辆运行的负面影响。.项目组基于对福州市闽侯县、仓山区、鼓楼区等多地区的公交专用道设置现状调研，分析了公交专用道时空集成设置优化问题的特性，提出了相对合理的公交专用道设置正面效益和负面影响评估方法，建立了公交专用道时空集成设置多目标优化模型。在重点分析模型的特定结构和解析特性的基础上，提出了求解所建立模型的高效算法。通过对基准实例和大量随机生成算例的测试，验证了模型和算法的准确性和有效性。此外，项目组一方面将所提出的核心算法拓展后应用于生产调度、设施选址等其他相近组合优化问题，另一方面开展了应急疏散交通仿真研究，为下一步开展公交专用道时空集成设置优化交通仿真验证研究奠定了基础。在科学基金支持下，项目组已在Transportation Research Part B、IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems、Decision Support Systems、European Journal of Operational Research、Annals of Operations Research、IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems、International Journal of Production Economics、Journal of Combinatorial Optimization等领域内重要期刊上发表学术论文17篇，在领域内权威国际会议上发表学术论文14篇，出版图书章节1章，完成了项目预定的目标与计划。