页岩油气储层压裂非放射性粒子双谱示踪测井方法研究

The monitoring technology on hydraulically induced fractures geometry and distribution of proppants plays an important role in the evaluation of hydraulic fracturing results and improvement of shale gas and oil development. A new non-radioactive tracer logging method based on dual spectra measuring utilizing propants incorporated with stable isotope, pulsed neutron and array detectors system and by the measuring azimuthal gamma rays and thermal neutron lifetime to evaluate distribution of the fractures and proppants will be developed. Simulation and physical experiment method will be used to study isotope types, fraction and the process to prepare and sinter proppants. Monte Carlo simulation method will be used to acquire the optimal parameter of the instrument to establish measuring method. The distribution of gamma rays and thermal neutron time spectra in different geometry and propants distribution conditions will be studied to establish the relationship of azimuth gamma imaging with the width, height and trend of induced fractures, the relationship of thermal neutron lifetime with proppant placement, packed weight, and the relationship of neutron gamma rays with porosity. That will achieve proppants synthesis and the evaluation of proppants distribution and fracture geometry. And at the same time, tagged stable isotope is used to realize non-radioactive tracer imaging and it meets the requirement of HSE and nuclear logging development trend. The method will supply a new means for hydraulic fractures monitor and it has significant meaning for the exploration and development of shale oil and gas reservoir.

压裂裂缝几何形态和支撑剂分布监测技术在评价水力压裂效果、提高页岩油气开发方面至关重要。提出一种稳定同位素标记支撑剂、可控中子源和阵列探测器系统组合进行方位伽马能谱成像和中子寿命测量，形成一种评价裂缝和支撑剂分布的非放射性粒子双谱示踪测井方法。利用数值模拟和物理实验方法重点研究标记同位素类型、配比和支撑剂混合、烧结等制备方法；利用蒙特卡罗模拟方法得到仪器结构优化参数，形成测量方法；模拟研究不同几何尺寸、支撑剂分布等条件下特征伽马射线分布和热中子时间谱，建立方位伽马成像与裂缝宽度、高度、走向等几何形态、热中子寿命与支撑剂位置、填充程度和中子伽马计数比与孔隙度响应关系；实现稳定同位素标记支撑剂合成和压裂后支撑剂分布、裂缝几何形态评价；利用稳定同位素标记支撑剂的非放射性示踪成像测井，符合HSE要求和核测井发展的趋势，为水力压裂效果监测提供一种新的评价手段，对页岩油气储层勘探和开发具有重要意义。

压裂裂缝几何形态和支撑剂分布监测技术在评价水力压裂效果、提高页岩油气开发方面至关重要。提出一种稳定同位素标记支撑剂、可控中子源和阵列探测器系统组合进行方位伽马能谱成像和中子寿命测量，形成一种评价裂缝和支撑剂分布的非放射性粒子双谱示踪测井方法。利用MCNP数值模拟和物理实验方法重点研究标记同位素类型、配比和支撑剂混合、烧结等制备方法，给出了标记支撑剂中示踪剂含量上下限并形成支撑剂制备方案。利用蒙特卡罗模拟方法对仪器晶体尺寸、源距及屏蔽体进行优化设计，形成双谱示踪测量方法。模拟研究不同几何尺寸、支撑剂分布等条件下特征伽马射线分布和热中子时间谱，建立方位伽马成像与裂缝宽度、高度、走向等几何形态、热中子寿命与支撑剂位置、填充程度和中子伽马计数比与孔隙度响应关系；实现稳定同位素标记支撑剂合成和压裂后支撑剂分布、裂缝几何形态评价；为水力压裂效果监测提供一种新的评价手段，在页岩油气储层勘探和开发领域具有重要意义。