P21 activated protein kinase (PAK) is involved in cardio-protection and maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis. Of the 6 PAK family members, PAK2, localized mainly near the endoplasmic reticulum, is highly expressed in cardiomyocytes, but its functions in the heart remains to be explored. Our previous results showed that cardiac-specific knockout of PAK2 (PAK2CKO) mice showed slower heart rate, prolonged action potential duration, high incidence of bradycardiac arrhythmia, and decreased transient outward potassium channel expression; and transcriptome sequencing revealed that PAK2 is involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress response in cardiomyocytes. Therefore, we hypothesize that PAK2 affects cellular processing of transient outward potassium channels through modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to decreased transient outward potassium channel current, prolonged action potential duration, and increased incidence of bradycardiac arrhythmia. This study intends to investigate the mechanism of how PAK2 regulates transient outward potassium channel through endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway using PAK2CKO mice and a combination of cellular and molecular biology techniques and electrophysiology methods. If successful, our study will elucidate the molecular mechanisms of how PAK2 functions in heart, in the end leading to potential targets for arrhythmia intervention.
p21活化蛋白激酶(PAK)参与心肌保护及胞内钙稳态的调节。PAK2在心脏高表达,主要定位于心肌细胞内质网附近,但是PAK2在心脏的作用研究甚少。我们前期工作表明:心脏特异性敲除PAK2小鼠表现为心率减慢、动作电位时程延长、缓慢性心律失常发生率增加以及瞬时外向钾通道表达降低,转录组测序结果显示PAK2参与心肌细胞内质网应激反应。据此,我们提出假说:心脏敲除PAK2通过内质网应激反应,引起瞬时外向钾通道蛋白错误折叠过多和转运障碍,心肌细胞膜上表达明显降低,进而导致瞬时外向钾电流减少、动作电位时程延长、缓慢性心律失常的发生率增加。本课题以心脏特异性敲除PAK2小鼠为研究对象,结合电生理学、细胞和分子生物学等方法,在整体动物、组织器官和细胞水平,探讨PAK2通过内质网应激途径调控瞬时外向钾通道功能活动的机制及在缓慢性心律失常中的作用,为寻找缓慢性心律失常干预靶点提供新的切入点和理论依据。
P21活化蛋白激酶(PAK)是一类应激反应激酶,其中PAK2亚型在心脏中高表达。本研究联合电生理、分子生物学技术和光标测等技术,在整体动物、组织器官和细胞水平,探讨PAK2对心脏保护作用的机制。具体执行情况如下:.1、项目完成了PAK2与心脏内质网应激的相关研究。小鼠TAC术后5周,心脏PAK2的表达和磷酸化水平都明显降低,而心肌特异性PAK2敲除(PAK2CKO)后,TAC可以诱导心肌细胞内质网应激的标志蛋白Grp78、IRE-1α等明显增加,这些提示心肌发生明显的内质网应激反应,PAK2参与了心肌保护作用。内质网应激导致心肌细胞离子通道蛋白错误折叠增加和转运障碍,离子通道向心肌细胞膜的转运减少。膜片钳记录心肌细胞动作电位时程APD90明显延长,瞬时外向钾电流明显减低。培养的乳大鼠心肌细胞干扰PAK2表达后,心肌细胞的动作电位时程明显延长,瞬时外向钾电流降低。心脏电重构的改变阐明了心律失常的发生机制,PAK2通过内质网应激-TRAF2-NF-κB信号通路调控瞬时外向钾通道,进一步影响心脏的电活动和心脏电重构。.2、项目完成了PAK2与心脏线粒体氧化应激的相关研究。心肌特异性PAK2敲除小鼠TAC术后5周,整体动物和离体心脏的室性心律失常发生率明显增加。离体心脏进行光标测实验,结果显示动作电位和钙交替水平,在心肌特异性PAK2敲除小鼠和压力负荷的情况下变化最明显。细胞水平检测胞内钙变化情况,心肌特异性PAK2敲除小鼠压力超负荷的情况,急性酶分离的单个心肌细胞钙波明显紊乱,更容易诱发钙震荡。胞内钙调蛋白的磷酸化和氧化磷酸化水平明显增加。多组学实验结果提示线粒体氧化应激参与了PAK2敲除基础上TAC诱导的心脏重构,而心肌特异性PAK2过表达可以明显减轻TAC诱导的心脏重构。.3、项目完成了PAK2特异性激动剂JB2019A对心脏的保护作用。JB2019A可以降低急性异丙肾上腺素诱导的小鼠心律失常的发生率。小鼠TAC术后,同时给予JB2019A腹腔注射4W,诱发小鼠发生室性心律失常的发生率明显低于对照组。说明PAK2激动剂JB2019A在急慢性的疾病模型下对心电稳定性有一定的增强作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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