Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) is the final stage during most of prostate cancer treatment and is also the major reason for patient death. However, the mechanism of CRPC is still not clear. Most of previous research focused on tumor cells and ignored the effect of tumor microenvironment, especially the immune cells in the stroma, on CRPC formation. In our preliminary data, we successfully established the CRPC model in TRAMP mice which can develop the spontaneous prostate cancer, and proved that CD8+ T cells are the major immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. What's important, we first found that the coactivating molecular CD28 is low-expression and the major type of CD8+ T cells is CD8+CD28- T cells in tumor microenviroment of CRPC compared to non-castrated TRAMP mice. In vitro experiment showed that co-culture of CD8+CD28- T cells and prostate cancer cells induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and androgen-independent growth of cancer cells. This project plans to confirm the correlation between CD8+CD28- T cells and CRPC in another spontaneous prostate cancer model - Pten KO mice and clinic prostate cancer patients; explore the mechanism on CD8+CD28- T cells inducing CRPC; find out which molecular mediates the function of CD8+CD28- T cells. This project will found the new immune regulation of CRPC formation, and provide the feasible indicator for early diagnosis of CRPC and new target for treatment of CRPC.
激素非依赖性前列腺癌(CRPC)的形成是大多数前列腺癌治疗的最终结果,也是患者主要致死因素,但其形成的具体机制仍不明确。以往研究主要从肿瘤自身找原因,而忽略肿瘤微环境,特别是免疫细胞,对CRPC的调控作用。我们在自发前列腺癌TRAMP小鼠中成功建立CRPC模型,证实CD8+ T细胞是肿瘤基质中主要的免疫细胞,且首次发现CRPC中CD8+ T细胞共刺激分子CD28表达显著降低,主要为CD8+CD28- T细胞。体外实验发现CD8+CD28- T细胞与前列腺癌细胞共培养,可诱导其发生雄激素非依赖性生长及上皮间质转化。本课题拟继续在PTEN敲除小鼠自发前列腺癌模型和临床标本中验证CD8+CD28- T细胞与CRPC的相关性,探讨其诱导CRPC形成的分子机制,寻找介导其作用的细胞因子。本项目将揭示CRPC形成中的免疫调节新机制,并为CRPC早期无创诊断提供可行性指标,为CRPC的治疗提供新的靶标。
雄激素剥夺疗法(Androgen Deprivation Therapy, ADT)是临床前列腺癌治疗的主要手段,但几乎所有接受该疗法的病患,肿瘤都会复发,并产生激素耐受性。目前的数据表明免疫细胞参与雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌(Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer, CRPC)的形成,尤其是,在雄激素剥夺初期,T细胞在前列腺癌病患和小鼠模型中大量扩增。然而,是否及是哪种T细胞亚型在CRPC发生过程中发挥重要作用仍然未知。在本课题中,我们发现一群新的CD4lowHLA-G+ T细胞亚群,其在前列腺癌病患接受ADT治疗后显著扩增。在前列腺癌小鼠模型中,一群类似表型的CD4low T细胞亚群在CRPC形成早期显著增多。表型特征分析确定这群细胞是IL-4表达的TH17细胞,其与病人预后呈负相关关系,在小鼠模型中证实其对CRPC的发生具有必要性。从机制方面分析,CD4low(HLA-G+) T细胞通过调节CD11blowF4/80hi巨噬细胞的活性和迁移,促进前列腺癌细胞的激素非依赖生长。另外,雄激素剥夺后,上调的PGE2-EP2信号通路抑制胸腺细胞上CD4的表达,并随后通过上调IL23R促进CD4low naïve T细胞向IL-4表达的TH17细胞极化。从治疗方面,在CD4low(HLA-G+) T细胞出现时,而非雄激素剥夺后立刻利用Celecoxib(一种选择性的COX2抑制剂)失活PGE2信号通路,能显著抑制CRPC的形成。总之,我们当前的研究表明一群特殊的CD4low(HLA-G+) T细胞亚群在CRPC的形成过程中具有必要性,且提出了一种结合ADT和抑制PGE2信号通路的新的治疗策略用于前列腺癌的治疗。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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