基于双识别及信号放大效应的金属离子印迹传感器研究

The current used ion imprinted sensors were prepared by polymerization with metal ions as a template, phenols, amines, monomer (or dopant ions ligand) as mono polymer; it selectively binds with metal ions according to the spatial three-dimensional structure of cavities and the charge characteristics of the metal ions. Other ions with similar bond characters can produce harmful interferences to the specific recognition of the imprinted cavities. On the other hand, the measurement was depending on the weak signals of potential and impedance changes, or the reductive currents of imprinted metal ions rebound with cavities of ion imprinted sensors, which resulted in low detection sensitivity. The purpose of this project is to construct a new ion imprinted sensor. During the procedure, the molecule of the metal ion-chelates are selected as a template molecule in construction imprinted polymer, then elution and rebinding. To improve the selectivity of the imprinted sensors, "dual recognition" effect is employed by which one is concerned with the differences in reaction performance and conditions of the combination of the chelating agent with the metal ions; the other is related with the selectivity of the spatial structure of the imprinted cavities on the requirement of metal chelate molecules. To improve the detection sensitivity of the imprinted sensors, enzyme-catalytic signal amplification effect will be employed via competitive reaction between the templates of metal chelates and enzyme marked chelates during rebinding with the imprinted cavities; or the "gate control" electro-catalytic effect of the metal chelate templates in imprinted membrane coated on chemically modified electrodes surface. Finally, the model of high selectivity, high sensitivity imprinted sensors for the detection of metal ions based on double identify the effect of metal chelate might establish, and the sensors will be used to detection of trace metal ions in environmental and biological samples.

现有离子印迹传感器将金属离子作为模板，与酚、胺类单体（或掺杂离子配体）聚合；根据孔穴的空间立体结构及电荷特性对金属离子进行选择性识别复合。具有相似成键性能的其它离子对印迹孔穴的特异性识别产生干扰。此外，根据金属离子与孔穴复合后产生的微弱电位、阻抗变化或离子还原电流进行测量，检测灵敏度低。本项目旨在构建一种新型离子印迹传感器，将金属离子螯合物分子的整体作为模板分子，进行印迹聚合和洗脱；利用螯合剂与金属离子结合时的反应性能和条件差异，以及印迹孔穴对金属螯合物分子的空间立体结构要求产生的"双识别效应"，提高印迹传感器的选择性。利用螯合物及酶标记螯合物与印迹孔穴复合反应的竞争作用，根据酶催化产生的信号放大效应，或利用修饰电极表面印迹膜的"门控制"电催化效应提高检测的灵敏度。建立基于螯合物双识别效应的高选择性、高灵敏度印迹传感器检测金属离子的模型，并将传感器应用于环境、生命样品中痕量金属离子检测。

现有离子印迹传感器将金属离子作为模板，与酚、胺类单体（或掺杂离子配体）聚合；根据孔穴的空间立体结构及电荷特性对金属离子进行选择性识别复合。具有相似成键性能的其它离子对印迹孔穴的特异性识别产生干扰。此外，根据金属离子与孔穴复合后产生的微弱电位、阻抗变化或离子还原电流进行测量，检测灵敏度低。本项目旨在构建一种新型离子印迹传感器，将金属离子螯合物分子的整体作为模板分子，进行印迹聚合和洗脱；利用螯合剂与金属离子结合时的反应性能和条件差异，以及印迹孔穴对金属螯合物分子的空间立体结构要求产生的“双识别效应”，提高印迹传感器的选择性。利用螯合物及酶标记螯合物与印迹孔穴复合反应的竞争作用，根据酶催化产生的信号放大效应，或利用修饰电极表面印迹膜的"门控制"电催化效应提高检测的灵敏度。建立基于螯合物双识别效应的高选择性、高灵敏度印迹传感器检测金属离子的模型，并将传感器应用于环境、生命样品中痕量金属离子检测。