四分区相位延迟阵列成像光谱偏振技术研究

One advanced technology in the optics field is acquiring the image, spectrum and polarization information simultaneously. It uses the complementarity among the image, spectrum and polarization information to improve the cognitive ability of the object effectively. This project proposes a novel imaging spectropolarimetry—Four-quadrant Retarder Array Imaging Spectropolarimetry (FQRAIS), by fusing the imaging, spectrum and polarization technology. It can realize to obtain the image, spectrum of high accuracy and full Stokes polarization information of the objective one time. The theoretical study includes the imaging modeling, information extraction and image fusion algorithm. The numerical simulation is implemented to analyze the performance of the system and the optical experiment is carried out to verify the feasibility of the project in the experimental study. This scheme can realize four different modes modulation for the incident Stokes spectrum and detect them simultaneously. Comparing with the traditional single channel imaging spectrometer, the channel filtering is unnecessary for the FQRAIS and it also has real-time, accurate, efficient, stable, avoiding spectral aliasing features and suitable for the spectrum detection changing rapidly. This research provides a novel method for the hardware realization of all optical information acquisition, which has important scientific significance and great application future in the space exploration, aerospace, climate change, ecological environment and so on.

图像、光谱和偏振信息一体化获取技术是目前光学领域的一项高新技术，它有效利用图像、光谱和偏振信息之间的互补性，使人类对于目标的认知能力得到显著提高。本项目融合成像技术、光谱技术和偏振技术提出一种新型成像光谱偏振技术——四分区相位延迟阵列成像光谱偏振技术，实现一次性获取目标的图像、高精度光谱和全Stokes偏振信息。在理论方面，主要研究系统成像模型、信息提取和融合算法；在实验方面，通过数值模拟对系统性能进行分析，通过光学实验对系统可行性进行验证。该方案可实现对入射Stokes谱进行4种不同模式的调制并进行同时探测，较传统的单通道成像光谱仪无需进行通道滤波，同时具有实时、精确、高效、稳定、避免光谱混叠和适合快速变化光谱探测等显著特点。该项目研究为全光信息获取硬件化的实现提供了一种新方法，在空间探测、航空航天、气候变化、生态环境等方面具有重要的科学意义和广阔的应用前景。

针对我国矿物识别与勘探、污染气体排放监测和高精度目标识别确认等应用需求，创立了一种可实时获取目标的二维高分辨率图像、一维高精度光谱以及全Stokes偏振信息的四分区相位延迟阵列成像光谱偏振技术（FQRAISP）的新原理、新技术、新方法、新模式。依据FQRAISP系统的数学模型和傅里叶变换研究，采用MATLAB软件和搭建光学实验平台，获得了目标的图像信息、光谱信息和偏振信息，开发了干涉图像处理、光谱复原、偏振信息提取与图像合成算法一套。该项目研究对发展我国具有自主知识产权的光学信息探测具有重大意义和应用价值，为陆地表层、大气、海洋探测、空间探测、国防和国家安全提供新型技术手段和先进的信息获取仪器。全面超额完成了计划书的研究任务，实现了项目的总体目标。申请发明专利1项，发表学术研究论文10篇（其中SCI收录9篇），培养研究生2名，本科生6名。