Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients and animals have varying degrees of islet fibrosis. Accumulative studies showed that islet fibrosis could damage normal islet structures and functions. Studies have confirmed that endothelial to mesenchymal transition, EndMT, plays a very important role in organ fibrosis. However, whether there is EndMT in islet is still unknown. Previous studies suggest that high aldosterone is closely related to islet dysfunction in T2DM, though the mechanism is still unclear. Our pre-experimental data showed that aldosterone could induce islet microvascular endothelial to mesenchymal transition and PARP-1 activation in vitro. Moreover, our previous study demonstrated that PARP-1 activation could regulate EndMT in human aortic endothelial cells and facilitate islet microvascular endothelial oxidative stress injury. Therefore, we hypothesized that aldosterone may promote islet microvascular endothelial cells to mesenchymal transition via PARP-1 pathway, which may eventually contribute to diabetic islet dysfunction. This study will use endothelial-specific aldosterone receptor knockout db / db mice as a model to explore whether aldosterone can induce islet microvascular endothelial cells to mesenchymal transition and the potential mechanisms by which aldosterone regulates islet EndMT. The results may provide new strategies for the treatment of T2DM.
2型糖尿病(T2DM)病人和动物胰岛均存在不同程度纤维化,现已证实胰岛纤维化可直接导致胰岛结构和功能受损。内皮细胞转化而来的成纤维细胞,即内皮细胞间充质化,是导致器官纤维化的重要原因,但胰岛微循环是否也存在内皮间充质化尚不明确。研究发现高醛固酮血症与T2DM的胰岛功能损伤密切相关,但机制不明,我们预实验发现醛固酮可通过其受体诱导胰岛微循环内皮细胞间充质化及PARP-1的活化。而我们的既往研究已证实PARP-1在胰岛微血管内皮氧化应激的损伤中也发挥着重要作用且可调控人主动脉内皮间充质化。因此我们提出“醛固酮可通过PARP-1通路促进胰岛微血管内皮间充质化影响胰岛β细胞功能”的假设。本研究将采用内皮特异性醛固酮受体敲除的db/db小鼠为模型,从分子、细胞、组织及动物多层次观察醛固酮对胰岛微循环内皮间充质化的影响,并探索醛固酮受体拮抗剂在其中发挥的治疗作用,以期为临床T2DM的治疗提供新的思路。
高醛固酮血症存在于肥胖、代谢综合征及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者中。实际上,醛固酮与肥胖关系更为密切。脂肪细胞不仅能够分泌脂肪因子促进醛固酮合成,而且脂肪细胞表达醛固酮合成酶,能够合成醛固酮。而过多的醛固酮又能够导致糖代谢受损。原发性醛固酮增多症(原醛)患者中葡萄糖不耐受或糖尿病的发病率明显增高。肾上腺切除术可以逆转醛固酮瘤患者的葡萄糖不耐受。前瞻性队列研究同样表明,高醛固酮血症与2型糖尿病(T2D)发病率增加有关。因此,醛固酮损害糖代谢是明确的。过量的醛固酮损害糖代谢与胰岛β细胞受损及胰岛素抵抗均有关。研究目的:探讨醛固酮与2型糖尿病胰岛炎症及纤维化的关系。验证MR在胰岛内皮细胞中的表达及其在醛固酮上调胰岛内皮细胞ICAM-1及ET-1表达中的作用。研究结论:醛固酮通过MR促进胰岛内皮细胞ICAM-1及ET-1表达,参与胰岛炎症及纤维化,参与2型糖尿病进展。我们的结果显示糖尿病db / db小鼠血清醛固酮水平升高及胰岛ICAM-1和ET-1的表达上调。并且我们体外证实醛固酮可以通过MR依赖途径上调胰岛内皮ICAM-1和ET-1表达。这些发现提示高醛固酮血症可能参与T2D胰岛炎症进展。醛固酮可能通过MR上调胰岛内皮ICAM-1和ET-1表达,进一步促进胰岛炎症及胰岛纤维化,最终导致胰岛β细胞功能紊乱,加速糖尿病进展。我们的结果有助于进一步理解血清醛固酮升高与T2D糖代谢异常之间的关系,可能为预防和治疗T2D提供新的思路。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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