Stereo Lithography (SL), one of the most important 3D printing technologies, has found wide applications in many industrial fields. Photosensitive resins are the materials base for SL, and their properties have decisive effect on SL technology. Cation / free radical hybrid photosensitive resins, such as epoxy / acrylate, which combine the advantages of acrylate, high curing rate and high toughness, and the advantages of epoxy, low shrinkage and high strength, are the developing trend of photosensitive resins. However, the commonly used epoxy resins cannot simultaneously possess high activity of cationic polymerization and high toughness, which hampers the further improvement of the properties of photosensitive resins. Aiming at this problem, the silicone-epoxy/acrylate hybrid photosensitive resins will be studied in this project. Alicyclic silicone epoxy resins have higher activity of cationic polymerization, lower shrinkage, higher strength and toughness compared with the commonly used epoxy resins. Moreover, chemical bond combination between epoxy network and polyacrylate network can be formed by using the silicone epoxy with vinyl groups, which may further improve the mechanical properties of photosensitive resins. Thus epoxy/acrylate hybrid photosensitive resins are expected to have more excellent properties. A novel type of photosensitive resins will be developed through this project, which will significantly promote the development of SL technology.
光固化快速成型(Stereo Lithography,SL)是最重要的3D打印技术之一,已广泛应用于诸多工业领域。光敏树脂作为SL的物质基础,其性能对SL技术有决定性的影响。将自由基型和阳离子型光敏树脂,丙烯酸酯和环氧树脂混杂,结合丙烯酸酯固化快、韧性好,环氧树脂固化收缩小、强度高的优点,是SL用光敏树脂的发展趋势。但是常用的环氧树脂不能兼顾高固化活性和高韧性,阻碍了光敏树脂性能的进一步提升。针对上述问题,本项目拟开展脂环族有机硅环氧/丙烯酸酯混杂型光敏树脂研究。和常用环氧树脂相比,脂环族有机硅环氧树脂具有更高的光阳离子固化活性、固化收缩小、固化物强度高、韧性好。同时,本项目拟在有机硅环氧树脂中引入双键,使环氧树脂网络和聚丙烯酸酯网络形成化学键结合,进一步提高固化物的力学性能。因此预期有机硅环氧/丙烯酸酯混杂光敏树脂具有更优异的性能。通过本项目研究对促进SL技术的发展具有重要意义。
由于丙烯酸酯/环氧树脂混杂型光敏树脂具有固化快、固化收缩小、强度高的优点,已经成为目前光固化快速成型中使用的树脂类型。但是,常用的环氧树脂不能兼顾高固化活性和高韧性,阻碍了光敏树脂性能的进一步提升。针对上述问题,本项目开展了有机硅环氧/丙烯酸酯混杂型光敏树脂研究。具体研究如下:.1. 通过2,4,6,8-四甲基四氢环四硅氧烷 (D4H)和4-乙烯基-1,2环氧环己烷的硅氢加成反应成功制备了四官能度脂环族有机硅环氧单体,将其与不同比列的丙烯酸酯进行配合,制备了一系列有机硅环氧/丙烯酸酯混杂型光敏树脂。详细研究了有机硅环氧树脂与丙烯酸酯比例、自由基剂和阳离子光引发剂的用量等因素对混杂树脂光固化速度,固化物强度与韧性及热机械性能等性能的影响,最终制备了三种光固化速率快、粘度低的有机硅环氧/丙烯酸酯混杂型光敏树脂,并将其应用于SL 3D打印,得到了热稳定性优异、机械性能良好、打印精度优良的三维制品,打印样件的拉伸拉伸强度为40.3 MPa,断裂伸长率为6.7 %。.2. 通过四甲基二氢二硅氧烷和4-乙烯基-1,2-环氧环己烷的硅氢加成反应合成了一种二官能度脂环族有机硅环氧树脂,将其与自由基型丙烯酸酯配合形成混杂型光敏树脂体系。将其应用于两种不同的3D打印固化工艺:一种体系中同时加入自由基和阳离子光引发剂,采用纯光固化的方法。另一种体系中添加自由基光引发剂和热固化剂,采用光-热两步固化方法。对两种不同工艺下树脂体系的固化速率、固化物微观形貌、热性能、机械性能等都进行了详细的研究和对比。研究结果表明两种体系固化后均形成互穿聚合物网络结构(IPN),而且两种体系的打印样品均具有优良的打印精度和热稳定性。但是,光热两步固化法得到的样品相分离程度更高,具有更高的玻璃化转变温度及更好的机械性能。.此外,项目实施过程中还开展了多种功能性光敏树脂的研究,包括形状记忆聚氨酯、超可拉伸有机硅橡胶的光固化3D打印。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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