混合动力车辆永磁同步电机偏心故障引起的机电耦合非线性振动研究

The rotor eccentricity faults of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in hybrid electrical vehicle cause the complex nonlinear vibration due to electromechanical coupling effect. This research focuses on the dynamic problem. The air-gap magnetic field distribution of the PMSM of which power is supplied by inverter is studied and then the UMP model is obtained. The dynamic characteristics caused by rotor mass and static eccentricities are investigated. Considering the vibration of the stator, the continuum model of the stator and the lumped parameter model of the rotor are established, respectively. Furthermore, the mixed model of both is modeled by coupling interface which leads to the coupling of the electromagnetic system and mechanical system. Due to the nonlinearity of UMP, the forward and backward whirling motions are coupled and the corresponding mechanism is investigated. Moreover, the internal resonance and multiple resonance mechanisms and conditions are analyzed carefully. This research can be considered as the theoretical support for the vibration suppression and dynamic modification and provide the criterion of the health monitoring and the fault diagnosis for the PMSM in hybrid electrical vehicle.

由于机电耦合效应，混合动力车辆永磁同步电机转子的偏心故障导致了非常复杂的非线性动力学行为。本项目针对这一问题，研究永磁同步电机在逆变器供电时偏心气隙磁场的分布获得不平衡磁拉力解析模型；研究转子偏心作用下电机转子系统的动态特性；进而考虑永磁同步电机定子的振动，建立连续体电机定子振动模型和集中参数转子动力学模型，并利用定转子的耦合界面进行综合，建立系统定转子的混合机电耦合动力学模型。研究探明在考虑定子振动时转子正、反涡动模态耦合形成机制，以及定、转子系统产生内共振和多重共振的机理。研究成果可为混合动力车辆传动系统的振动抑制及其动力学修改提供技术支持，还可为车辆在使用过程中的健康监测管理和故障诊断提供原理依据。

混合动力车辆永磁同步电机转子的偏心故障导致系统复杂的非线性动力学行为，这使系统的状态估计和故障诊断十分困难。针对这一问题，本项目开展了混合动力车辆永磁同步电机转子系统的非线性动态特性研究。通过磁场分析和Maxwell应力张量法建立了考虑谐波效应和齿槽效应的不平衡磁拉力解析模型并进行了有限元验证，为动力学分析提供了解析输入。建立了考虑转子轴非线性、谐波和齿槽效应的转子系统横向振动模型，利用平均法得到了转子的频率特性并解释了正反涡动的形成机制。考虑混合偏心（质量偏心和静态偏心）建立了转子动力学模型，通过系统保守力分析获得了平衡点的通有分岔特性和系统的稳定性条件。通过相位分析改进了多尺度法得到了系统频率特性并解释了转子正反涡动的耦合机理。建立了相对运动、相对/牵连复合运动作用下的电机非线性振动模型，利用多尺度法对两种模型的动态特性进行了解析求解，分别获取了相对运动和复合运动作用下电机的非线性动力学行为。通过相位分析获得了转子内共振幅度调制的产生机理。通过试验分析获得了定子悬置的能量耗散机制并验证了转子涡动理论分析的正确性。本项目研究成果可为地面无人装备状态估计和故障诊断提供动力学依据和为机电复合传动系统的振动与噪声抑制及其动力学修改提供技术支持。