原位界面自组装构筑氧化石墨烯功能化的三元复合薄膜及其透明柔性超级电容器性能研究

To explore transparent, flexible and high electrochemical performance electrode materials and emerging technology could be a research hotspot in the field of thin film-based supercapacitor in recent years. However, due to the low capacitance and poor stability of the existing electrode materials, complex and high cost of the traditional preparation methods, the development of transparent and flexible supercapacitor is greatly limited. Oil-water interfacial self-assembly strategy is a simple, fast and low cost preparation method, it can be used to controllable preparation of high quality closely packed nanofilms with monolayer or few layers. This project proposed to construct graphene oxide functionalized conducting polymer-metal oxide/hydroxide composite hollow sphere-based array films as electrode for all-solid-state transparent flexible supercapacitor by in-situ oil-water interfacial self-assembly strategy. It is expected that this technology could lower the costs of fabrication process and improves its energy and power density. In this project, the in-situ interfacial self-assembly construction mechanism of ternary composite film electrodes can be clarified. A systematic research of structure-performance relationships, between the microstructure with macroscopic properties and the electrochemical performance of the composites, can be achieved. New method of the preparation of electrode materials with low cost and high performance, can be developed. This project will provides scientific basis for large-scale preparation of thin-film based supercapacitor.

开发透明柔性兼具高电化学性能的薄膜电极材料与工艺，是近年来超级电容器领域的研究热点。然而，现有的透明柔性薄膜电极材料存在电容值较低、稳定性差、制备方法复杂且成本高等问题，极大的限制了其进一步发展。油－水界面自组装技术具有操作简单、快速、成本低等特点，能够可控的制备纳米结构单元紧密排列的单层或少层纳米薄膜。本项目拟以原位油－水界面自组装构筑氧化石墨烯功能化的导电聚合物/金属（氢）氧化物三元复合薄膜作为电极，用于全固态透明柔性超级电容器的研究, 以期降低电容器的成本并提升其能量和功率密度。通过本项目研究，阐明三元复合薄膜电极的原位界面自组装构筑机制，揭示复合材料微观结构、宏观性质与电化学性能之间的构效关系，发展低成本高性能薄膜基透明柔性超级电容器三元复合电极材料的构筑新方法，为大规模制备薄膜基超级电容器的研究提供科学依据。

开发平面柔性兼具高电化学性能的薄膜电极材料与工艺，是近年来超级电容器领域的研究热点。然而，现有的柔性薄膜电极材料存在电容值较低、稳定性差、制备方法复杂且成本高等问题，极大的限制了其进一步发展。基于此，本课题探究了低成本、简单、高效地薄膜基微纳米超级电容器电极材料和器件制备方法，构筑了一系列基于过渡金属（氢）氧化物及其复合薄膜材料作为电极，用于全固态平面柔性超级电容器的研究。.1、开发了简单且易于操作的薄膜基柔性超级电容器制备策略，成功构筑了α-Co(OH)2/RGO, Co(OH)2/CoSe2, NiCo(OH)2/NiCoSe2等二维薄膜基复合材料及对称和非对称储能器件。研究了其晶相转换策略和储能特性，发现新型储能薄膜器件具有极好的比电容、循环稳定性、功率密度和能量密度。.2、采用模板法结合水热/溶剂热原位生长法以及高温煅烧工艺，得到了一系列二维MOF基（ZIF-L和TCPP）骨架衍生物柔性电极材料（主要包括CoSe2和NixCo1-xSe2）用于平面阵列电极及柔性全固态非对称电容器，研究了其电化学储能机理。.3、采用水热/溶剂热法和溶胶凝胶法等策略，制备了一系列铁钴镍基复合材料（包括ZnCo2O4纳米带、FeCo2O4/MoS2异质分级结构、CoFe2O4/C缺陷结构、NiFe2O4纳米颗粒、NiFe2O4/MoS2和 NiFe2O4/MoO2复合材料等），并成功用于柔性超级电容器的研究。着重研究了其电荷转移机理及相关构效关系。.4、采用界面组装工艺和高温蒸镀技术，制备了一类硫化镉基单分子层薄膜器件，研究了不同薄膜厚度及纳米微球尺寸对其性能的影响。同时，还拓展了单分子层薄膜基器件在其他领域的应用。.通过本项目研究，阐明复合薄膜电极的原位构筑机制，揭示复合材料微观结构、宏观性质与电化学性能之间的构效关系，发展低成本高性能薄膜基平面柔性超级电容器复合电极材料的构筑新方法，为大规模制备薄膜基超级电容器的研究提供科学依据。