微电网环境下电动汽车与可再生能源的协同增效机理与优化方法

It is known that electric vehicle charging\discharging facilities and renewable energy generation system share some synergy in the working mechanism. Organic integration of the two mentioned above in micro-grid environment can not only improve the utilization of clean energy for electric vehicles, but also give assistance to solving the intermittent in the grid connection of renewable energy and reducing the impact towards distribution networks. In order to realize the synergy goal, methods of capacity optimization configuration and real-time dispatching in planning and operation turn out to be critical work for study. By focusing on the synergy mechanism of electric vehicles and renewable energy in micro-grid environment, researches on the typical integration of the two and the overall efficiency evaluation index system, as well as the analysis on the randomness and controllability when electric vehicles plug in the micro-grid in a variety of typical modes will be undertaken in this subject. Ultimately, a utilization strategy of resources and energy will be proposed on the basis of researches operated previously. Furthermore, apply the synergy mechanism to the integrated system's planning and operation, study on the methods of optimization configuration and dispatching for electric vehicle charging\discharging facilities and renewable energy generation system, then, establish the objective functions and constraints so as to provide solutions for the system's optimization planning and dispatching. To make a prospect, achievements of this subject will both serve the planning and operation of electric vehicle charging\discharging facilities and renewable energy generation system in the future, and offer a reference for the formulation of relevant national standards.

电动汽车充放电设施与可再生能源发电系统从工作机理上具有协同增效性。在微电网环境下实现二者的有机集成，不仅可提高电动汽车的清洁能源利用率，还能协助解决可再生能源并网的间歇性问题，降低对配电网的影响。为实现协同增效目标，需要从规划和运行上提出优化的容量配置与实时调度方法。本课题以微电网环境下电动汽车与可再生能源的协同增效机理为切入点，研究二者的典型集成模式和综合效益评价指标体系，并在各种典型模式下分析电动汽车接入微电网的随机性和可控性，提出资源与能量的利用消纳策略。在此基础上，将协同增效机理应用到集成系统的规划和运行中，研究微电网环境下电动汽车充放电设施与可再生能源发电系统的优化配置及调度方法，建立能实现协同增效的目标函数和约束条件，为系统的优化规划和调度提供解决方案。研究成果可服务于未来电动汽车充放电设施与可再生能源发电系统的规划与运行，为国家相关标准的制定提供参考。

本课题的研究基本按照申请书的计划内容及时间周期执行，重点针对三类问题展开研究，包括：（1）微电网环境下电动汽车与可再生能源实现协同增效的典型集成模式；（2）典型集成模式下的微电网的优化配置方法；（3）典型集成模式下微电网的优化调度方法。针对第一类问题，提出直流、交流、交直流混合及智能变压器的集成架构，并提出了光伏充电站微电网的商业模式与综合效用评估指标。针对第二类问题，在研究过程中考虑了动力电池梯次利用的影响，提出了光伏充/换电站微电网的优化配置方法。针对第三类问题，提出了适用于分布式光伏系统的短期功率预测方法，提出了居民小区光伏充电微电网的多目标优化调度方法，提出了商业楼宇光伏充电微电网的实时优化调度方法，提出了针对光伏换电站微电网的动态功率分配策略。通过上述的系列化研究，积累了较为丰硕的研究成果，共计发表论文39篇，其中SCI论文8篇、EI论文23篇，申请发明专利5项，软件著作权2项，牵头承担IEC/TS62898-2 微电网运行与控制技术条件国际标准1项。通过与电网企业及设备制造企业合作，相关理论成果也获得了较好的应用。通过本项目的研究，共计培养博士生5名，硕士生6名。