过渡金属硼化物薄膜的高温红外辐射特性及发射率调控机理研究

With the development of hypersonic vehicles, the infrared radiation intensity of the surface increases a lot with the increase of temperature (usually above 800℃). Therefore, the development of novel high temperature infrared stealth materials becomes urgent. This project focus on transition metal boride including ZrB2、HfB2, a kind of ultra high temperature ceramics(UHTCs) and study on thin film deposition、numerical simulation、structure and characterization performance. We discuss the microstructure and composition of boride films with the changes of temperature and revealed the relationship between high temperature infrared radiation characteristics and composition, microstructure of transition metal boride film. Based on previous work, we clarify that physics mechanism of low emissivity and high temperature emissivity modulation mechanism of transition metal boride films. We try to solve the problem of low infrared emissivity coating for high temperature application, explore the new mechanism and technology of high temperature infrared stealth materials.

各类高超音速飞行器近年来得到蓬勃发展，其红外辐射强度因表面温度升高（通常>800℃）而呈数量级增加。因此，迫切需要开发应用于高温工作条件下的新型红外辐射抑制材料。本项目以超高温陶瓷中兼具陶瓷和金属性能的硼化锆、硼化铪为研究对象，通过薄膜制备、计算模拟、结构表征和性能测试等方法，讨论高温条件下硼化锆、硼化铪薄膜结构、成分、电参数随温度的变化规律，揭示高温条件下硼化锆、硼化铪薄膜红外辐射特性与薄膜组分、微观结构间的关联，澄清过渡金属硼化物薄膜高温低发射率的形成机理以及调控机制，突破目前高温红外抑制材料研究的难点，探索一类高温红外抑制的新方法和新技术途径，进而为新型高温红外抑制材料的发掘奠定理论和实验基础。

本项目以超高温陶瓷中兼具陶瓷和金属性能的硼化锆、硼化铪为研究对象，系统研究硼化锆、硼化铪薄膜的制备工艺以及高温红外辐射特性，结合第一性原理阐明ZrB2薄膜红外低发射率的形成机理以及调控机制，深入讨论了晶体结构、表面形貌、不同粗糙度以及不同金属复合对ZrB2基薄膜电学特性及红外辐射特性的影响，总结了金属元素对ZrB2薄膜红外辐射特性的调控机制，提出了金属-陶瓷复合薄膜兼具可见光低可探测性、耐温性能以及红外低发射率性能的优势。探索一类高温红外抑制的新方法和新技术途径，进而为新型高温红外抑制材料的发掘奠定理论和实验基础。