石墨烯纳米带复合无机纳米晶功能杂化材料的可控构建、生长机理与电化学性能研究

As a new type of carbon materials, 1D graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) exhibit diverse potentials in applications for designing and fabricating novel electronics of high performances, because of their band gap tunable through modifying their surfaces or tailoring their microstructures. It is rare, however, to find report in literature concerned with constructing hybrid materials based on GNRs and inorganic nanocrystals (NCs) so far. The proposed research will mainly focus on designing and fabricating hybid carbon materilas with GNRs and inorganic nanocrystals including noble metal and transition metal nanocrystals. The first, we will concentrate on producing high quality GNRs in large scale through optimizing the processing parameters. Subsequently, the research will concentrate on investigating the growthes and assemblies of nanocrystals on the surface of GNRs to fabricate NCs@GNRs hybrid materials with well controlled NCs microstructures, toward the end of tailoring the functionalities of hybid materials.The formation and assembly of NCs on the GNRs surfaces will be studied carefully to reveal the mechanisms of mading the hybrid materials. Finally, the electrochemical properties of the hybrid materials will be investigated profoundly to figure out their structure effects on the electrochemical functionalities for designing and fabricating biosensors and supercapacitors with highly enhanced performances. The research will open a new direction in constructing hybrid materials based on graphene nanoribbons and inorganic nanocrystals, which could supply technical supports in designing new electrochemical devices with highly enhanced performances.

石墨烯纳米带(GNRs)的带隙可以通过其表面修饰或结构控制来调节，相关研究在设计新型功能器件方面有广阔应用前景。本课题将开展GNRs复合贵金属和过渡金属氧化物纳米晶 (NCs) 制备杂化材料的研究工作，构建NCs@GNRs纳米建筑，并深入研究其电化学性质。首先，优化制备工艺，大量制备高质量GNRs，随后，重点考察NCs 在GNRs表面生长和组装的条件，调控NCs在GNRs表面的生长,获得具有特定结构的新型NCs@GNRs杂化材料。其次，通过研究NCs与GNRs之间的相互作用，探讨NCs在GNRs表面的生长与组装规律。再次，深入研究NCs@GNR的电化学性质，归纳总结材料结构和性能之间的关系。最后，系统研究材料在电化学生物传感器和超级电容器等方面的应用，设计并制备高性能传感与能量储存器件。本项目将拓展GNRs复合无机纳米材料研究的新领域，为设计新型高性能电化学功能器件提供研究基础与技术支撑。

为了应对能源危机与环境污染的挑战，人们对储能器件和传感器器件提出了越来越高的要求。过渡金属氧化物具有较宽的能带及丰富的来源，一直备受研究者的青睐。石墨烯具备二维层状纳米构型、特殊的电子结构和极大的比表面积，基于石墨烯/过渡金属氧化物杂化材料的研究也引起了化学界各领域的兴趣。本课题主要围绕无机纳米晶体材料的可控制备、生长机理及其杂化材料的超级电容器和传感器性质的调控。通过水热法大量制备了暴露±(001)面具有不同极性的双球ZnO纳米材料，提出了阶梯式自组装生长的机理；项目主要通过水热法制备不同形貌的Mn3O4@RGO，MnOOH@RGO，Mn2O3@C 和Co3O4新型电极材料，提出了相关的生长机理，系统地研究了功能化后杂化材料的超级电容器性质。项目主要研究了CO分子在本征和掺杂类石墨烯氧化锌纳米体系上的吸附，提出了通过引入掺杂可以提高类石墨烯体系化学活性的方法；通过水热和溶剂热法及煅烧处理制备片状氧化锌、盆景状氧化锌、立方体Pd@In2O3和鸟巢状Pd@In2O3气敏材料，结果表明制备的气敏元件对于乙醇、和丙酮气体具有较高的灵敏度。系统研究了贵金属纳米团簇材料在生物有机酸中的控制生长规律，大量制备了生物有机酸保护的水溶性Pd纳米团簇材料，研究了材料的催化性质；将金纳米团簇材料和Cu2O@Cu纳米线阵列结合构建了新型的无酶葡萄糖电化学生物传感器。