杂原子掺杂石墨烯纳米带的可控合成、聚合物功能化与自组装

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have attracted great attention as candidates for next-generation semiconductor materials. Among a number of preparation approaches, chemical synthesis shows incomparable advantages in achieving precise structural control, large scale production, organic functionalization, and solution dispersibility of GNRs. In addition, chemical synthesis can introduce heteroatoms into the backbones of structurally well-defined GNRs. This means can realize the physical property control of GNRs, which, however, is hard to achieve by other strategies. Aiming at this newly-developed area to develop novel GNR materials and more effective strategies of tailoring the physical properties of GNRs, the studies in this project include: (1) we will apply surface-assembly method to synthesize new heteroatom-doped GNRs of well-defined structures, which include S atom-doped GNRs and GNR heterojunctions. Their electronic properties will be studied. (2) We will employ solution-based chemical synthesis approach to prepare polymer-functionalized N or S atom-doped GNRs in gram scale production. The polymer-functionalization may probably render the GNRs good dispersibility in common organic solvents, which provides opportunities to study the physical properties of the doped GNRs in solution. In addition, we may take advantage of the solution processability of the GNRs to fabricate GNR-based semiconductor devices by surface self-assembly and evaluate their performance. (3) We will study the self-assembly of the polymer-functionalized N or S atom-doped GNRs in solution, which offers chances to obtain GNR assemblies with unique optical or electronic properties and to explore their potential applications.

石墨烯纳米带（GNRs）被认为是极具潜力的新一代半导体材料，近年来吸引了人们的广泛关注。在常见制备方法中，化学合成在实现GNR结构的精确控制，宏量制备，功能化以及溶液分散性上展示了无可比拟的优势。化学合成还可在结构精确的GNRs中引入杂原子，从而实现其它方法难以实现的物理性能控制。本项目瞄准杂原子掺杂GNRs这一新兴领域，以开发新型GNR材料，探索GNR性能控制新方法为目标，计划进行的研究包括：（1）通过表面自组装方法精准合成新型杂原子掺杂GNRs，包括S原子掺杂GNRs和GNR异质结等，研究其电性能；（2）通过溶液合成法宏量制备聚合物功能化的N或S原子掺杂GNRs，实现其良好的溶液分散性；以此为契机，研究杂原子掺杂GNRs在分散液中的物理性能，通过表面自组装制备GNR半导体器件并研究器件性能；（3）研究N或S原子掺杂GNRs溶液自组装，制备光/电性能独特的GNR组装材料，探索其潜在应用。

针对本项目的研究目标，本项目组按预订计划开展研究工作，取得的研究成果主要包括：（1）通过化学合成，制备了结构精确的杂原子掺杂石墨烯纳米带（GNRs）。（2）通过纳米带主干的扭曲或边缘接枝大尺寸基团，实现了GNRs良好的液相分散性，并获得其紫外可见吸收、荧光、二维电子谱、载流子迁移率等物理性质。（3）在GNRs边缘接枝不同结构的聚合物，通过调控聚合物结构实现了GNRs的液相可控自组装，获得纳米线、螺旋线、纳米纤维等不同结构的有序组装体，并获得了组装体的载流子迁移率、光热转换等物理性质，开发了它们在光热抗菌和场效应晶体管中的潜在应用。这些成果为GNRs的精确合成和光电性质调控提供了新途径，并将GNRs的研究拓宽到了液相和超分子范畴。. 基于上述研究成果，本项目组发表标注本项目资助的SCI论文46篇，其中包括化学/材料领域国际顶尖期刊J. Am. Chem. Soc. 4篇，Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 6篇，Adv. Mater. 1篇，CCS Chemistry 2篇等；授权中国专利4项；培养博士后1人，博士毕业生4人，硕士毕业生4人。项目组成员参与国际/国内学术会议20余人次，作邀请/口头报告20余人次。项目负责人获上海市东方学者（特聘教授）人才跟踪计划和上海市优秀学术带头人等称号。