反硝化微生物燃料电池阴极微生物群落对电子供体的利用行为研究

Electron donor requirement in cathodic denitrification system in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can be obtained from organics or cathode electrons. However, there is some competition and conflict between the two kinds of electron donors, which lead low denitrification efficiency and electron donors waste. The consumption of electron donors, constitutionally, is the electron donors utilization behavior by microbial community. Therefore, it is very significant to study inherent relevance between electron donors and microorganism, optimize allotment of two kinds of electron donors, alleviate the conflict, promote the utilization efficiency of electron donors. In this research, comprehensive effect of denitrification system by electron donors is to be investigated, conflict and synergistic effect of the two kinds of electron donors is to be discussed, in order to optimize allotment of electron donors. After comprehensive analysis on cathode microbial community, the utilization behavior of electron donor for cathode microorganism is tried to be revealed, which is convenient for efficient cathodic denitrification microbial communitiy building.Finally, low-carbon MFC denitrification technical system with electron donor efficient utilization that is based on integration of optimized allotment of electron donors, microbial community function intensification, and cathode modified, is try to be found. This research will provide theoretical basis and technical support on carbon source and energy requirement for practical application of denitrification MFC.

微生物燃料电池（MFC）阴极反硝化系统所需电子供体可来源于有机物和阴极电子。然而，这两类电子供体在系统中存在一定的竞争与矛盾，导致反硝化效率低和电子供体的浪费。电子供体在阴极系统中的被消耗情况，本质是反硝化微生物对电子供体的利用行为问题。因此，研究微生物群落与阴极电子供体的内在关联性，优化两类电子供体的配给、缓解矛盾，提高电子供体利用效率，具有重要意义。本项目以阴极电子供体和微生物群落为研究对象，考察各类电子供体对系统的综合影响，探讨两种反硝化过程的竞争与矛盾，分析各自优势及其协同效应，优化电子供体配给；通过对阴极微生物群落的全面解析，揭示微生物群落对各类电子供体的利用行为，并构建高效阴极反硝化菌群；最终研发集电子供体优化配给、菌群系统功能强化及电极改性一体的，以电子供体高效利用为核心的低碳MFC脱氮技术体系。研究成果将为反硝化MFC实际污水脱氮处理中碳源利用等方面提供理论依据和技术支撑。

反硝化微生物燃料电池（MFC）脱氮过程所需电子供体可来源于有机碳源和阴极电子，这两类电子供体在系统微生物的利用过程中存在矛盾。本研究基于反硝化MFC的不同种类型、不同电子供体配比条件对MFC性能的影响研究，结合阴极微生物群落结构、功能基因的分析，揭示电子供体在反硝化MFC体系中的作用及微生物对电子供体的利用行为。研发多种新型反硝化MFC耦合工艺系统，包括：交互式反硝化MFC强化脱氮系统、反硝化MFC与厌氧氨氧化工艺耦合系统、反硝化MFC与AAO工艺耦合系统等，实现体系的电子供体的优化配给，并探讨微生物在耦合系统中对不同电子供体利用行为及二者协同作用机制。进一步采用基于聚苯胺的多种导电聚合物材料对阴极进行改性，自养反硝化菌群更易在改性阴极上富集，实现了体系中微生物对反硝化电子供体利用效率的提升。