环形磁场辅助下可控合成Fe3O4基载药纳米棒及其药物控释性能研究

To change the single type and poor performance of the existing magnetic targeting drug carrier, the project intends to prepare a kind of drug-loaded nanomaterial with the assistant of toroidal magnetic field. The material has a potential prospect in the field of bio-targeted drug delivery area. The innovation of the project is the induction of magnetic field to synthesis magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which will be surface functionally modified to promote itsstability and biocompatibility. Then a type of drug-loaded nanocomposites will be formed effectively with the assistant of toroidal magnetic field. The advantages of using the toroidal magnetic field is that firstly, drug molecules can be combined with functional magnetic carrier by winding action of macromolecules, Van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding; secondly, the drug molecule is wrapped in microcavities formed by the ordered magnetic nanoparticles, which will be further collided and linked with the drug molecule, and finally form a rod-like drug-loaded nanocomposites; and what’s more, the rod-like structure would be re-disintegrated into nanoparticles under the action of an alternating magnetic field and release drug rapidly. The nanomaterial carrier is liable to be discharged by metabolism after disintegration, there by avoiding the negative effects caused by the retention of the loaded materials in vivo. Thus, the drug-loaded rod-like material can be used as an ideal magnetic targeting drug carrier for targeting tumor treatment and related fields.

为改变现有靶向药物载体材料类型单一、性能欠佳等现状，该项目拟借助环形磁场辅助手段制备磁性载药纳米材料，并将其应用于动物体靶向药物控制释放。项目的创新之处在于，在合成单分散磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒，对其进行表面功能化修饰、提升其吸附稳定性和生物相容性的基础上，在环形磁场辅助作用下进行高效药物装载，并用于动物体靶向药物控释应用。采用环形磁场辅助合成法的优势在于：（一）药物分子可与功能化磁性纳米载体在范德华力、氢键和大分子缠绕作用下结合；（二）在环形磁场辅助作用下，药物分子被封装在定向排列的磁性纳米颗粒形成的微腔中，通过载体粒子与药物反复碰撞而形成稳定的载药纳米棒；（三）该棒状结构在交变磁场震荡作用下会解体而释放药物，解体后的单分散纳米颗粒更易被代谢排出，从而可避免载体材料在动物体内滞留而导致的负作用。因此，该载药纳米棒材料可以作为一种理想的磁靶向药物载体，用于肿瘤和癌症治疗等靶向药物传输领域。

随着纳米科学的蓬勃发展，利用纳米技术改良药物的性状，在可控制备纳米材料的基础上，可以实现纳米材料对药物的可控负载和释放。而磁性纳米材料的生物应用的受限因素之一是其生物相容性有待提升，因此如何可控制备磁性纳米材料，并有效针对性地改良材料的表面性能，是本项目的主要研究任务。.本项目执行期间，实现了对磁性纳米材料的可控制备，分别制备了不同粒径的 Fe3O4、MnFe2O4、ZnFe2O4等系列磁性纳米材料，并且在其表面可控修饰了吡喃葡萄糖、环糊精和PEG等分子。从而实现了对磁性纳米粒子的表面改性，为药物的可控吸附和有效释放提供了切实的可行性。.本项目发表一区SCI论文3篇、二区1篇、三区1篇，获得国家发明专利授权1项。在本项目支持下，课题组制备了磁纳米理疗贴，成功在甘肃省中医院进行了临床实验，并开发了适用于致病微生物消杀的铁酸盐光催化纳米喷剂，目前已进入产品中试阶段。