In recent years, the understanding of the gut microbiota’s roles in the physiological and pathological processes of the host has been dramatically expanded. Also, fecal microbiota transplantation has been successfully used to treat a variety of complex diseases. However, because the composition of the gut microbiota is highly complex, and most of the anaerobic bacteria in the gut are unculturable and very difficult to be genetically manipunated, researchers still have many technical difficulties, including microbiota imaging, tracing the implanted bacteria after the fecal microbiota transplantation, evaluating their survival in the acceptors’ gut, etc. To approach these problems, we will focus on the use of D-amino acid (DAA)-based fluorescence probe, a chemical tool that can specifically label the peptidoglycan of bacteria, and carry out chemical biological research at the microbiota level. We’ll first focus on the design and optimization of DAA probes that can label gut microbiota in vivo with high specificity, coverage, and intensities. Using a mouse microbiota transplantation model, the DAA probe will be used to develop new imaging methods for gut microbiota, and assess the survival and viability of transplanted bacteria. This project will open up new directions for the applications of chemical methods in microbiota research, and lay the foundation for deepening the understanding of fecal bacteria transplantation and optimizing its procedures.
近年来,人们对肠道菌群在宿主生理与病理过程中发挥的各种作用的认识不断加深,利用粪菌移植治疗多种顽固性疾病在临床上也表现出了良好的疗效。但由于肠道菌群组成复杂、厌氧菌不易培养、多数菌难以进行转基因等原因,本领域的研究仍存在菌群难以整体成像观察、粪菌移植后的植入菌不能追踪、其活性难以评价等亟待解决的问题。针对这一现状,本项目将利用D-型氨基酸荧光探针这一能够特异性代谢标记细菌肽聚糖结构的化学工具,在肠道菌群整体水平开展化学生物学研究。重在设计、优化能够在体内原位地,以高特异性、高覆盖率、高强度标记微生物组的D-型氨基酸探针。同时结合小鼠菌群移植模型,开发肠道菌群体内整体成像的新方法,并深入研究粪菌移植后的植入菌追踪、在受体肠道内活性的评估、影响存活率的干预因素等问题。本项目的实施将开辟化学手段在肠道菌群研究中的新应用方向,并为加深对粪菌移植的理解和移植步骤的优化奠定基础。
肠道中的细菌在与宿主时刻地密切接触中,通过与免疫系统相互作用、广泛参与物质与能量代谢、脑肠轴通路等方式影响宿主众多的生理和病理过程。针对肠道菌群这一构成高度复杂且功能重要的微生物体系,化学的研究工具和思路有巨大的应用空间和科学价值,但目前国际上在这一领域开展的化学生物学研究仍非常有限。在本项目执行期内申请人从以下几方面开展工作:1)发展了菌群在体成像新方法,在宏观与介观水平研究了肠道菌群的在体分布情况;2)开发了对细菌在体代谢水平进行直接定量的新策略,并对其在临床微生物检验中的应用进行了探索;3)通过发展在体菌群标记的新探针与新策略,利用荧光成像研究了肠道细菌在体内的成活与生长分裂情况,以及其细胞壁的合成与修饰等过程。以本基金项目为依托,发表包括Accounts of Chemical Research,Nature Communications,Science Advances,Gut Microbes,ACS Chemical Biology,Advanced Healthcare Materials(各一篇)以及Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.(3篇)在内的第一或通讯作者论文11篇。申请发明专利2项。这一项目的完成,充分展示了化学生物学在肠道菌群研究中无法替代的作用,为深入理解这一重要微生物体系提供了新的见解和研究手段。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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