含氮杂环基元温敏聚合物双水相浮选体系的构建及其选择性分离次锕系元素的研究

The component of the nuclear waste is complex, in which the concentration of minor actinides is low. How to build a green, efficient and simple separation method is the inevitable trend in separation of the minor actinides from the nuclear waste. The new method can improve the selective separation efficiency of minor actinides, and reduce secondary pollution to the environment. The topic is to construct a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group based thermo-sensitive polymer aqueous two-phase flotation system (ATPFS) for the selective separation of the minor actinides. The main research contents are as follows. By combining the single separation technology of thermo-sensitive polymer aqueous two-phase system(ATPS) and solvent sublation(SS), to construct the thermo-sensitive polymer ATPS. The new technology has the advantages of high efficient recycling, high enrichment coefficient and green separation. Design and synthesis of amphiphilic thermo-sensitive polymer block copolymers with nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group as trapping agent, and build nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group based thermo-sensitive polymer aqueous two-phase flotation system (ATPFS), to improve the selective separation efficiency of the minor actinides. Meanwhile, implement the recovery and recycling of trapping agent based temperature response properties of trapping agent. The related scientific problem of the topic will be deeply studied. It will provide technical means and scientific basis for the new technology used for large-scale industrial applications of separation and recovery of metal ion.

高放废液的组分复杂、次锕系元素浓度低，如何建立一种绿色、高效、简单的新型分离方法，在提高选择性分离次锕系元素效率的同时，减少对环境的二次污染，是核废液中分离次锕系元素方法发展的必然趋势。本课题拟构建含氮杂环基元温敏聚合物双水相浮选体系，用于高放废液中次锕系元素的选择性分离，主要的研究内容如下：拟将温敏聚合物-盐双水相萃取和溶剂浮选两个单一的分离技术进行集成，构建高效循环使用、高富集倍数的绿色分离新技术—温敏聚合物-盐双水相浮选体系；设计合成含氮杂环基元两亲性温敏嵌段共聚物作为捕集剂，构建含氮杂环基元温敏聚合物双水相浮选体系，用于提高次锕系元素的选择性分离效率；同时基于捕集剂的温敏特性，实现捕集剂的回收和循环利用。深入研究相关科学问题，为该新技术在工业化大规模金属离子的分离回收提供技术手段和科学依据。

如何建立一种绿色、高效、简单的新型分离方法，提高环境中高毒性、低放射性元素选择性分离效率，同时减少对环境的二次污染，是环境可持续发展的必然趋势。本课题拟构建含适配体基元温度响应型双水相浮选体系，用于环境中高毒性汞离子的选择性分离，主要的研究内容如下：构建高效循环使用的温敏嵌段聚合物-盐双水相萃取分离技术；将双水相萃取和溶剂浮选两个单一的分离技术进行集成，构建高效循环使用、高富集倍数的绿色分离新技术—双水相浮选体系；设计合成含适配体基元双亲性温敏嵌段共聚物作为捕集剂，构建含适配体基元温度响应型双水相浮选体系，用于提高汞离子的选择性分离效率；同时基于捕集剂的温敏特性，实现捕集剂的回收和循环利用。深入研究相关科学问题，为该新技术在工业化大规模金属离子的分离回收提供技术手段和科学依据。